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Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Economic Traits in Dairy Cattle

G. K. Deb
Scientific Officer
Animal Production Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka- l34l.

A. K. F.H. Bhuiyan
Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymeningh-2202, Bangladesh.

M. M. Hossain
Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymeningh-2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was aimed to access information on genetic parameters i.e. heritability and genetic correlations of some economic traits of dairy cattle available in Bangladesh, For that, data materials were collected from Central Cattle Breeding Station and Dairy Farm, Savar, Dhaka recorded during 1972 to 1982 on Indigenous called Local, Friesian X Local (50% F-50%L) and Jersey x Local (50% J- 50%L) cattle covered birth weigh (BW), first lactation milk yield (FLMY), first lactation length (FLL) and first calving interval (FCl). REM L estimated heritabilities (h²) of BW were 0.365, 0.495 and 0.489 in Local, Friesian x Local and Jersey x Local cattle, respectively. The same for FLL, FLMY and FCI were 0.486, 0.428 and 0.128 in Local; 0.495 and 0.497 in Friesian x Local cattle and 0.496, 0.499 and 0.496 in Jersey x Local cattle. The overall estimates were 0.500, 0.497, 0.498 and 0.499 respectively for BW, FLL, FLMY and CI. The mediums to high. estimates for all the traits indicate that the traits studied were largely influenced by additive gene action. Genetic correlations (r_G) of BW with FLL, FLMY and FC: were very low except medium r_G between BW and FCI in Local cattle. The direction of genetic association was positive except negative r_G were between BW and FLMY and BW and FCI in Local cattle. First lactation length was positively genetically correlated with FLMY and FCI in a medium to high magnitude in all the genetic groups studied. Genetic correlations between FLMY and FCI were medium in Jersey x Local cattle but low in Local and Friesian x Local cattle. The overall estimate was also low. The magnitude of REM L estimated (co) variance and genetic parameters obtained in the present study were within the published range of estimates. Therefore, these estimates may be used in selection and breeding programmes for dairy cattle development in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Genetic parameters, Economic traits, Dairy cattle, Estimation

Location: Central Cattle Breeding Station and Dairy Farm, Savar, Dhaka.

Start Date: 00-00-1972

End Date: 00-00-1982

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Cattle

Objectives:

To estimate heritability and genetic correlation of four economic traits in dairy cattle.

Methodology:

The experimental data were collected from the record sheets maintained at the Central Cattle Breeding Station and Dairy Farm, Savar, Dhaka. Data recorded during the period of 1972 to 1982 were included in this study. Data were taken on Local, Friesian x Local (50% F- 50% L) and Jersey x Local (50% J- 50% L) genetic groups of cattle born in summer (April to June), rainy (July to September), winter (October to December) and spring (January to March) seasons. Mean and standard errors (SE) for the traits studied e.g. birth weight (BW), first lactation milk yield (FLMY) first lactation length (FLL) and first calving interval (FCI) were estimated using SPSS computer program. The differences between means were tested using least significant difference (LSD) method. variance and covariance components of the traits were estimated using Restricted Maximum Likelihood (REML) approach by VCEA computer program For REML analyses an animal model was used keeping year of birth and season of birth as fixed effect. However, for all traits analyses were carried out both within genetic group as well as over the genetic groups i.e. pooled data.

Y = Xb + Za + W c + e

Where, Y is the vector of boservation; X, Z and Ware the known incidence matrices that associate with levels of b, a and c with Y; b is the unknown vector of year of birth; a is the unknown vector of animal's breeding value; c is the unknown vector of season of birth and e is the vector of residual effects. Covariance components and genetic correlations among traits were estimated using multi-trait animal model having animal's additive genetic merit as only genetic term.

Source of Information: Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2005, 34 (I & 2) : 17-26 (ISSN 0003-3588)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Results of the present study were higher for all the three genetic groups. This high genetic correlation between FLMY and FCI is also of value to the breeders as lifetime production is associated with calving interval. Genetic correlations between FLMY and FCI obtained in the present study were medium to low for the three genetic groups of dairy cattle. Such medium to low estimates of r_G between these two traits was within the published ranged for different breeds (Lara et. al., 1989; Herbert and Bhatnagar, 1989; Roy and Katpatal, 1988). The authors reported that r_G between lactation milk yield and calving interval were 0.33 ± 0.30 in Holstein cows, 0.06 ± 0.29 in Karan Swiss cows and 0.10 ± 0.33 in Jersey cows respectively.

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