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Growth Performances of Gift Tilapia (oreochromisniloticus) in Cage Culture at the Old Brahmaputra River Using Different Densities

M B Alam
Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh

H Rashid
Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh- 2202, Bangladesh

M A Hossain
Department of Fish Biology and Genetics, Sylhet Agricultural University,Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

A Rashid
Department of Aquaculture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

S S Marine
Department of Fisheries Technology and Quality Control, Sylhet Agricultural University,Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

M A Islam
Department of Aquatic Resource Management, Sylhet Agricultural University,Sylhet-3100, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Fish cage culture allows intensive production in water bodies without conventional preparation for aquaculture.Considering the importance and prospects of cage culture in Bangladesh, the present experiment was undertaken to study the effect of stocking density on growth performances and production potential of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) under cage culture conditions and to develop a suitable method of tilapia cage culture in inland open water body like Old Brahmaputra River. Three stocking densities (100, 150 and 200 fish m^-3) of 2.78 g mean initial individual body weight of fingerlings in three different treatments (T-100, T-150 and T-200) each with three replicates were used. The fishes were supplied with high protein (30%) commercial feed at 10% of body weight twice daily. Water quality parameters namely transparency, temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, phosphate were found within the suitable limit for fish culture.The result of the present study showed that the fish in the treatment T-150 resulted the best individual weight gain (90.72g), average daily gains (0.67 g), percent weight gains (3263%), specific growth rates (1.13% day^-1) and the net production rates (13608 gm-3135 days^-1)followed by treatments T-100 and T-200, respectively.The net yield and growth performances showed a significant difference with increasing stocking density (P<0.01). The most effective stocking density was150 fish m⁻³ cage for Nile tilapia considering growth performances and production potential. Therefore, it can be concluded the growth performance of Nile tilapia is density dependent.

Keywords: Cage culture, Stocking density,Growth performance, Production, Oreochromisniloticus

Location: Mymensingh district.

Start Date: 18-12-2012

End Date: 01-05-2013

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Tilapia

Objectives:

To study the effect of stocking density on growth performances and production potential of tilapia under cage culture conditions; and 2. To develop method of tilapia cage culture in inland open water body like Old Brahmaputra River.

Methodology:

Study period and area: The experiment was carried out for a period of 135 days commencing from 18th December to 1st May. The study was conducted in Old Brahmaputra River using 9 cages with three different densities at Taltola, Khagdohor, MymensinghSadar, Mymensingh. Construction and setting of cages: Nine cage frames (box type) of 5.0 m × 2.50 m × 1.0 m (Length × breadth × height) of iron and bamboos were constructed. Nets made of synthetic twine (5.0 mm mesh size) were tightly fixed with the frame by nylon thread. There was a small window on the top of the cage through which the formulated feed could be provided to the fish and the fishes could be captured for sampling. Plastic drums of oil and acid were incorporated with the cage frame to facilitate floatation. All the cages were placed in three rows in the selected site of the Old Brahmaputra River. Numbering of the cages: The cages were numbered arbitrarily (Cage 1-9) for three different densities to facilitate feeding, sampling and other observation. Collection and stocking of fingerlings: The fingerlings of GIFT tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) were collected from Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute (BFRI), Mymensingh. The fingerlings were transported to the field using oxygen packs.The oxygen packs containing the fish were at first floated in the water for about 30 minutes for temperature acclimatization after which they were released into the cages. Experimental procedure: The experiment was carried out in three densities (100, 150 and 200 fishes m^-3), having three replicates each, using nine floating cages (12.50 m³)in the selected site of the Old Brahmaputra River. Floating cages were made of polyethylene netting hanging from bamboo poles. The treatments were designated as: T-100 (100 fish m^-3: cage 1, 2 and 5), T-150 (150 fish m-3: cage 3, 7 and 9) and T-200 (200 fish m^-3: cage 4, 6 and 8). Feeding: The average initial body weight of fingerlings was 2.78 g. A commercial feed(Mega feed) was supplied daily at the rate of 10% of body weight of stocked fishes and sampling was done regularly at an interval of 30 days to adjust the amount of feed to be administered. The fishes were fed twice daily; half of the ration was given in the morning at around 9:00 am and another half in the afternoon at around 4:00 pm. Water quality parameters: The physico-chemical parameters such as dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, pH, ammonia (NH₃), nitrate (NO₃), phosphates (PO₄) and transparency of the surface water in the cages were recorded around 10:00 am at different times during the study period. Temperature was measured using a thermometer, transparency by Secchi-disc and other water quality parameters were measured by using chemical testing kit (HANNA HI 3817)for DO, pH, and PO₄. Fish sampling: The fishes were sampled at 30 days interval. For every sampling, 10 fishes were randomly sampled from each cage

and their individual weights were recorded to the nearest grams using field balance(Model no.JS30-1). The fishes were visually examined to determine the possible outbreak of diseases. After 135 day of rearing i.e. at the time of termination of the experiment the final average weight of the individual fishes were recorded from the total fish biomass in each cage. Data analysis: Data collected during the experiment were analyzed. Statistical analysis: A One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) of mean individual weight gain, ADG, percent (%) weight gain, SGR and production rate to determine the significance of variation among the treatments using statistical software SPSS at 0.01level.

Source of Information: J. SylhetAgril. Univ. 1(2):265-271, 2014

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Stocking density affect the growth performances and production potential of tilapia under cage culture conditions. The mean final individual body weight (g), mean individual weight gain (g), average daily gain (g), percent (%) weight gain, specific growth rate and production rate (g m^-3day^-1) were increased with the increasing stocking densities for a certain level. However, after a standard density it began to decrease. Further research work with more stocking densities are needed to be more sure and specific in this regard. However, this experiment suggested that optimum stocking density (150 fish m^-3) performs the better results with the highest growth performances and production potential for tilapia culture in cage culture system.

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