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Effect of Oxytetracycline on Thai Silver Barb (barbonymus Gonionotus) and on It’s Culture Environment

M.J. Islam
Department of Fisheries Technologies and Quality Control, Faculty of Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh

M. Motaher Hossain
Department of Fisheries Technologies and Quality Control, Faculty of Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh

M.A. Sayeed
Department of Fisheries Technologies and Quality Control, Faculty of Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh

A.A. Liza
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202,Bangladesh

M.M. Hossain
Department of Coastal and Marine Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh

M.A. Kashem
Department of Fisheries Technologies and Quality Control, Faculty of Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh

M.G. Rasul
Department of Fisheries Technologies and Quality Control, Faculty of Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Studies were conducted to investigate impacts of oxytetracycline on Barbonymus gonionotus muscle. Oxytetracycline the most widely used antibiotics, was fed to Barbonymus gonionotus with 4 g kg^-1 rate through diet for 45 days. Growth rate was observed for different concentrations of oxytetracycline. Water quality parameters and bacterial quantification were observed for a period of 21 days. Pond water, sediment and fish muscle were tested before and after oxytetracycline medicated feeding. Before feeding of oxytetracycline medicated feed, there was no oxytetracycline in water, sediment and fish muscles. After 2 days of feeding the initial oxytetracycline accumulation was 5070.0 ppb, which reduced considerably to 1190.0 ppb after 20 days from end of medicated diet feeding and not detected after 42 days. Physico-chemical parameters of pond water were determined. Before treatment dissolve oxygen, pH and total hardness of fish pond was 4.516±0.25 mg L^-1, 7.413±0.09 and 822.33±1.52 ppm, respectively. After 21 days of study period, reached to 5.27±0.025 mg L^-1, 7.773±0.04 and 769.66±2.08 ppm. It indicates a little change after 21 days. Before oxytetracycline treatment, bacterial load in Barbonymus gonionotus pond was 9.417±0.035×10³ CFU g^-1 in water, 7.31±0.04×10⁷ CFU g^-1 in sediment, 6.51±0.04×10⁶ CFU g^-1 in fish gills and 8.52±0.035×10⁷ CFU g^-1 in fish intestine, which was significantly reduced to 5.28±0.02×10³CFU g^-1 in water, 2.91±0.02×10⁷ CFU g^-1 in sediment, 2.21±0.02×10⁶CFU g^-1 in gills and 2.39±0.02×10⁷ CFU g^-1 in intestine.

Keywords: Oxytetracycline, Barbonymus gonionotus, Bacteria, Environment, Residues

Location: Faculty of Fisheries, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, 3100, Bangladesh.

Start Date: 00-00-2013

End Date: 00-00-2013

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Crab

Objectives:

To determine the effects of dietary supplementation of oxytetracycline for 49 days on Barbonymus gonionotus growth performance, the residual period and changes in water quality parameters along with changes in bacterial load in water, sediment, gills and intestine after termination of treatment by 21 days.

Methodology:

Experimental design: Ninety B. gonionotus apparently healthy with an average body weight of 20±0.09 g. Fish were kept in two cement ponds (2.5×1.25×1.25 m) equipped with paddle aerator for 14 days to acclimate before starting experiment. Fish were allocated into three groups (30 fish/groups) in duplicate. Group 1 (G1) was fed a basal diet (consisted 26% crude protein and 2885 kcal kg^-1 metabolizable energy) as the control group; while group 2 (G2) and 3 (G3) were fed by basal diet with oxytetracycline supplementation at dosage of 100 mg kg^-1. The fish of all three groups were fed 5% from biomass regularly three times daily for 7 weeks. Water quality parameters and microbial study of fish muscle, skin, intestine and gills were measured periodically. Growth performance: Fish were weighed every week to assess the growth performance. The final body weight (g), weight gain (g) and Food Conversion Ratio (FCR) were determined. Histopathological examination: Tissues were taken from kidney and liver of fish and fixed on 10% neutral buffered formalin for 24 h, dehydrated in ascending alcohol and cleared in xylene earlier than embedding in paraffin. Five to seven micron sections were prepared. Detection of oxytetracycline residues using LC-MS/MS: Sample preparation, extraction and determination of oxytetracycline residue were applied using a validated liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analytical assays on an Waters Alliance 2695 series HPLC and Quattro Micro, API mass spectrometer instrumentation-Waters Corporation, USA. Microbial analysis: Microbial testing for soil, water, fish muscle, gill, skin and intestine were done. Determination of water quality parameters: The water quality parameters were recorded with a 7 days interval until 21 days of the study period. Measurements of water quality and sample collections were made between 8.00-10.00 am on each sampling day. Water samples were collected from each pond to a 30 cm depth. On each and every sampling day, 500 mL of pond water was collected very carefully in a pre-cleaned black plastic bottle with cap, to prevent and minimize any agitation as well as shaking. Each sample was taken with three replicates. Only temperature, dissolved oxygen, hardness and pH were measured. Water temperature was recorded on spot with a centigrade thermometer. Other parameters were measured using HACH Test Kit (Model: FF-2, Cat No. 2430-01; Company: HACH Company World Headquarters, Loveland, Colorado). Statistical analysis: Statistical analysis of antibiotic contamination for feed and feed ingredient was made using analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA). Differences between means were assessed for significance test by Tukey-HSD test with a significance level of p<0.05.

Source of Information: Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, Vol.2 No. 2, 1-14, 2015

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Pond water, sediment and fish muscle were tested before and after oxytetracycline medicated feeding. Before feeding of oxytetracycline medicated feed, there was no oxytetracycline in water, sediment and fish muscles. After 2 days of feeding the initial oxytetracycline accumulation was 5070.0 ppb, which reduced considerably to 1190.0 ppb after 20 days from end of medicated diet feeding and not detected after 42 days. Physico-chemical parameters of pond water were determined. Before treatment dissolve oxygen, pH and total hardness of fish pond was 4.516±0.25 mg L^-1, 7.413±0.09 and 822.33±1.52 ppm, respectively. After 21 days of study period, reached to 5.27±0.025 mg L^-1, 7.773±0.04 and 769.66±2.08 ppm. It indicates a little change after 21 days. Before oxytetracycline treatment, bacterial load in Barbonymus gonionotus pond was 9.417±0.035×10³ CFU g^-1 in water, 7.31±0.04×10⁷ CFU g^-1 in sediment, 6.51±0.04×10⁶ CFU g^-1 in fish gills and 8.52±0.035×10⁷ CFU g^-1 in fish intestine, which was significantly reduced to 5.28±0.02×10³CFU g^-1 in water, 2.91±0.02×10⁷ CFU g^-1 in sediment, 2.21±0.02×10⁶CFU g^-1 in gills and 2.39±0.02×10⁷ CFU g^-1 in intestine.

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