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Clinico-epidemiological Observation and Therapeutic Evaluation of Bovine Fascioliasis

M. M. U. Khandaker
Veterinary Surgeon, Kapachia, Gazipur, Bangladesh

P. K. Chanda
Scientific Officer,
CDIL, 48 Kazi Alauddin Road, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Faecal examination of 360 rural cattle showed clinical Fasciola gigantica infection in 230 ( 63.89% ) animals. Aged cattle ( 8 to 12 years age) had significantly ( P < 0.01 ) higher prevalence rate than the young ( 2 to 4 years) animals. Seasonal prevalence of F. gigantica infection were 70.83, 70.83% and 50.00% during Winter, Rainy and Summer seasons, respectively including moderate rainfall with humid weather favours the growth and multiplication of Fasciola parasite. Single dose of Triclabendazole (Fasinex^(R), Novartis) @ 12 mg / kg body weight, Nitroxynil ( Dovinex^(R), Rhone-Poulenc ) @ 10 mg / kg body weight single subcutaneous injection and Hexachlorophene (Flukenil^(R), Renata Ltd.) @ 15 mg / kg body weight resulted 100 % reduction of faecal egg count (egg per gram of faeces) on 21 st, 21 st and 28th day of post-treatment.

Keywords: Cattle, Fascioliasis, Nitroxynil, Triclabendazole

Location: Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-11-1996

End Date: 00-10-1997

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Cattle

Objectives:

To determine the comparative efficacy of Nitroxynil, Triclabendazole and Hexachlorophene against bovine fascioliasis.

Methodology:

This study was conducted on 360 randomly selected rural cattle of both sexes, aged between 3 to 11 years in three villages located within 3 to 5 km, north-east of Mymensingh town, during November 1996 to October 1997. The vilIages are in low laying swampy areas, traversed by some canals. The study year was arbitrary divided into three seasons viz. Winter ( November to February), Summer (March to June) and Rainy (July to October). Faecal samples of each selected animal were collected from rectum and packed in polytene bags and transferred to the laboratory and first examined by sedimentation method to detect Fasciola infection. Of the 230 cattle infected with F. gigantica, of which 150 cattle were selected for anthelmintic trials and randomly divided into three treatment groups ( A, B, and C ), each consisting of 50 animals. Each animal of group A was treated with Nitroxynil ( Dovenix^(R), Rhone-Poulenc ) @ 10 mg / kg ( l ml /25 kg) body weight single SC injection, and each animal of group B was treated with Triclabendazole ( Fasinexv^(R), Novartis ) @ 12 mg / kg body weight orally and each animal of group C was treated with Hexachlorophene @ 15 mg / kg body weight orally. Egg per gram (epg ) of faeces of the each selected animal was counted before giving treatment and on 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th post-treatment days using Stoll's dilution technique. The efficacy of the drugs were assessed by calculating the percentage of reduction of egg if any. Prevalence of the diseases are calculated and analysed statistically using Chi-square test.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Vet. J. (1998). 32 (3-4 ) : 130 - 134

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

This study that bovine fascioliasis is more prevalent in Winter season and in aged cattle. Nitroxynil, Triclabendazole and Hexachlorophene can be used for the treatment of fascioliasis in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal