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Induced Breeding of the Stinging Catfish, Heteropneustes Fossilis: Comparison Among Different Inducing Agents

Mosaddequr Rahman
University of Rajshahi, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Fisheries, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh.

Yeamin Hossain
University of Rajshahi, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Fisheries, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh.

Istiaque Hossain
University of Rajshahi, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Fisheries, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh.

Sharmin Jaman Provhat
University of Rajshahi, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Fisheries, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh.

Muhammad Shafiqul Islam
Afil Aqua Fish Limited, Akij Group, Jessore 7430, Bangladesh.

Belal Hossain
Univeristi Brunei, Faculty of Science, Biology Group, BE1410, Darussalam, Brunei

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study furnishes the comparison on the performance of different inducing agents in the induced breeding of the stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis. During the study two experiments were conducted in two different hatcheries of Bangladesh. In the experiment 1, pituitary gland extract (PGE) was administered at 6 mg/kg body weight of females and 2 mg/kg body weight of males. In contrast, ovaprim was administered at 0.3 ml/kg and 0.1 ml/kg body weight of females and males, respectively. On the other hand, in case of experiment 2, PGE was administered at the same rate as experiment 1 while ovaprim was administered at 0.5 ml/kg and 0.1 ml/kg body weight of females and males, respectively and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) was injected at 1000 IU/kg body weight of both male and female fishes. Breeding success was found to be higher in ovaprim treated individuals in both the experiments in all aspects including latency period, ovulation rate, fertilization rate, hatching rate and incubation period compared to that of PGE and HCG induced individuals. In the ovaprim induced individuals, the latency period was within 10 hours while in PGE and HCG induced individuals, the latency period was 15 hours. In addition, the present investigation also revealed that, ovaprim is more efficient in terms of ovulation, fertilization and hatching rates when using at a rate of 0.5 ml/kg body weight of female fishes than using at a rate of 0.3 ml/kg body weight of female fishes. Results of the present study would help the hatchery managers in managing the induced breeding programs of H. fossilis and other catfishes.

Keywords: Heteropneustes fossilis, Induced spawning, Pituitary gland extract, Ovaprim, Ovulation rate

Location: Feni and Jessore, Bangladesh.

Start Date: 00-02-2010

End Date: 00-08-2012

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Aquatic animal

Objectives:

To know the comparison on the performance of different inducing agents in the induced breeding of the stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis.

Methodology:

Study Site: The present study was conducted at two fish hatcheries in Feni and Jessore districts of Bangladesh during February 2010 to July 2010 (experiment 1 in Feni) and March 2012 to August 2012 (experiment 2 in Jessore). Brood Collection: The brood fish for the artificial breeding of H. fossilis were obtained from the respective fish hatcheries. A total of 30 brooders in each experiment were stocked in each hatchery collected from the wild stocks. All the brood stocks were acclimatized before the induced breeding procedures and were kept separately in ponds of 14.3 × 8.15 × 1.5 m. in experiment 1 and 15 × 9.65 × 1.5 m. in experiment 2 for four months before the start of the breeding season. Brood Stock Management: The brood fishes were fed on supplementary diet formulated from 25% fish meal, 20% rice bran, 20% wheat flour, 15% mustard oil cake, 4% molasses and 1% vitamin premix. The brooders were reared for four months with feeding at two times a day at the rate of 5-6% of the body weight in both the experiments. In addition, the ponds were treated with animal manure at 15 days interval at the rate of 1250 kg/hectare. Furthermore, inorganic fertilizers namely Urea and Triple Super Phosphate (TSP) were applied at the rate of 50 kg/hectare and 25 kg/hectare, respectively. Brood Selection and Conditioning: Brood fish were collected from the rearing ponds using a cast net in the morning between 8:00-9:00 am on the day of the breeding trials and immediately transferred to circular tanks in respective hatcheries. The males and females were kept in separate tanks and continuous water flows were sustained at a rate of 10 l/min. Water quality parameters were found as- dissolved oxygen: 5.2-5.7 ppm; CO₂: 4.6-5.8 ppm; pH: 7.3-8.5; temperature: 27 – 30 °C in experiment 1 while in case of experiment 2 water quality parameters were recorded as- dissolved oxygen: 5.4-6.2 ppm; CO₂: 4.2-6.1 ppm; pH: 7.1-8.2; temperature: 26.5-29 °C. However, no supplementary feed were provided throughout the conditioning period. Brood Stock Injection and Breeding Induced: Commercially available dehydrated carp pituitary gland extracts (PGE) and synthetic hormone ovaprim were used in experiment 1 whereas dehydrated carp pituitary gland extracts (PGE), synthetic hormone ovaprim and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) were used in experiment 2. The body weight (g) of each brooder was weighed on an electronic balance (College B204-S, Switzerland) to estimate the required amount of inducing agents. The brooders were divided into two groups consisting of three females and five males of H. fossilis each in both experiments, and then subjected to hormone treatment. In experiment 1, one group was injected using PGE (6 mg/kg body weight of females and 2 mg/kg body weight of males) and the second group using ovaprim hormone (0.3 ml/kg and 0.1 ml/kg body weight of females and males, respectively) in the hatchery situated at Feni. On the other hand, in experiment 2, one group was injected using PGE (6 mg/kg body weight of females and 2 mg/kg body weight of males), the second group using ovaprim hormone (0.5 ml/kg and 0.1 ml/kg body weight of females and males, respectively) and the third group using HCG (1000 IU/kg body weight of both male and female fish) in the hatchery situated at Jessore. For all the treatments, the hormone was administered by intra-muscular injection on muscles beneath the dorsal fin slightly above the lateral line. After injection, the brooders were kept in separate breeding tanks for each treatment. Breeding and Egg Transfer for Incubation: All the brooders were ovulated after a period of 10-15 hrs after injection in both the experiments. The brooders were then transferred from the holding tanks after the completion of ovulation. Whereas, the fertilized eggs were transferred into mini rectangular hatching trays with taking precaution to avoid damage and fungal/bacterial contamination during the egg collection. The number of eggs released into each tray was estimated using gravimetric methods adapted. Afterwards, a continuous flow of water was maintained for aeration to guarantee the environmental conditions were optimal for the hatching process. Determination of Ovulation, Fertilization and Hatching Rate: Ovulation rate, fertilization rate and hatching rates were calculated using the following formula: Ovulation rate (%) = (No. of fish ovulated/ Total no. of fish injected) × 100 Fertilization rate (%) = (No. of fertilized eggs/ Total no. of eggs) × 100 Hatching rate (%) = (No. of eggs hatched/ Total no. of fertilized eggs) × 100 Statistical Analysis: Statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism 5 software. Tests for normality of each group were conducted by visual assessment of histograms and box plots, and confirmed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Only percent data had to be arcsine transformed before analysis. Where the normality assumption was not met, the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-test and Kruskal-Wallis test were used to compare the length and weight of fishes between groups and experiments. A Chi-square test was used to check the ovulation, fertilization and hatching rates between PGE, ovaprim and HCG treated fishes. All statistical analyses were considered significant at 5% (P<0.05).

Source of Information: Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 13: 532-537 (2013)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Ovaprim treated brooders of H. fossilis showed better performance during induced breeding in both the experiments during the study. However, ovaprim was found to be more efficient in terms of ovulation, fertilization and hatching rates when using at a rate of 0.5 ml/kg body weight than using at a rate of 0.3 ml/kg body weight of female fishes. Results of the present study would be beneficial for apposite management of induced breeding programs of H. fossilis and other catfishes.

Knowledge Management: Journal