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Rearing of Freshwater Giant Prawn, Macrobrachium Rosenbergii in Cages in the River Old Brahmaputra

S.M. Rahmatullah
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

M.M. Rahman
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

M.A. Hossain
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

M.H. Rashid
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An 180 days culture experiment was conducted in the River old Brahmaputra with a view to investigate the feasibility of fresh water giant prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii culture in floating cages with 3 different diets. The survival rate were 56.66%, 57.77%, 61.10% and the total production were 415.30 g, 361.40 g and 430.15 g per cubic meter by the treatment T₁ feed with 32% protein; T₂ frest mussel; T₃ Saudi Bangla prawn feed respectively. There were no significant difference observed in survival rate and production of prawn by the treatments. The final average weight were observed 28.95 g, 25.54 g and 26.52 g by the treatment T₁ , T₂, T₃ respectively and FCR were 4.81, 4.86, 5.18 by the treatment T_1, T₂, T₃ respectively. The estimated equation of carapace length and weight for the prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii were found to be Log W= -0.927 + 2.853 Log L, Log W= -1.066 + 3.020 Log L, and Log W= -0.439 + 2.273 Log L for the treatments T₁ T₂, T₃ respectively.

Keywords: Prawn, Brahmaputra River, Production

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Start Date: 00-11-1995

End Date: 00-05-1996

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Prawn

Objectives:

i) To study the feasibility of prawn culture in cages in the flowing water.

ii) To compare growth and production of prawn with different diet supplied from commercial and natural sources.

iii) To develop technology for monoculture of prawn in cages.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted for a period of 6 months from 15th November 1995 to 15th may, 1996 and suitable site for experiment was selected in the western bank of the river Brahmaputra, near the campus of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Nine iron framed cages each of 1 cubic meter with synthetic knotless net having 1 cm mesh size were used. Three (3) dietary feeding regimes were evaluated in the present study. Treatment T₁ was assigned with 32% protein level feed, treatment T₂ was assigned with fresh chopped mussel mixed with flour having 11 % protein and treatment T₃ was assigned with Saudi Bangia prawn feed having 28% protein.

The cages were suspended in river from buoyant frame and arrangement were made such a way that the desired position of the cages could be maintained during the fluctuation of water level. Disk like feeding tray made of bamboo splint were placed on the bottom of the cages with the help of synthetic yarn in such a manner that the prawn can be crawled and taken foods from the tray easily. PVC pipes as hiding shelter were provided in each cage to protect the moulted individual from cannibalism.

More or less similar size of post larvae (weight 1. 92± 0 .14 g and carapace length 3.17±0.07cm) of Macrobrachium rosenbergii were stocked randomly at a rate of 30 individuals/cage. Feeding of post larvae were started from 3rd day after stocking for their adjustment in cages. The prawn were fed two times daily, half of the ration was provided in the morning at 6 a.m. and another half in the afternoon at 6 p.m. For treatment T₁ and T₃ feed were supplied at the rate of 5% of the total body weight of the prawn and were made a dough with little amount of water, which did not dissolved in water within two hours. For treatment T₂' two mussels (2x20 = 40g) were used daily for each cage. Mussel were cut by a fine knife and mixed with a little amount of flour and made a dough. This dough then placed into feeding tray by the opening of the cages. The trays with the dough were slowly declined to the bottom of the cages to prevent the breakage of the dough. Before placing feed, the feeding trays were cleaned daily to remove the faeces of prawn and other adhering substances. Amount of feed given in each cage was recorded every day and feed were adjusted after successive sampling.

Physico-chemical parameters like water temperature, dissolved Oxygen, pH, transparency and current (both inside and outside the cage) were measured fortnightly between 8 a.m. to 10 a.m. during the study period, rain fall data also collected from meteroroloqical station. Temperature and dissolved oxygen were measured by DO meter, pH was measured by pH meter, transparency was recorded by the help of sechidisk and current was measured by a wooden block fitted with thread and weight. To determine the fouling rate in cage materials, a piece of net of 100 em x 30 cm (Length, breath) was set along the side of the cages. Every month a portion of the net at different depths were taken out and the fouling rate was measured. Growth of prawn were recorded in weight (g) by a portable balance and in carapace length (cm) by an ordinary scale graduated in centimetre monthly. For sampling, 15 prawn were collected from each cage by using scope net and they were measured quickly for avoiding stress.

Source of Information: Bang. J. An. Sc.1997, 26(1-2): 99-107 (ISSN 0003-3588)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The survival rate were 56.66%, 57.77%, 61.10% and the total production were 415.30 g, 361.40 g and 430.15 g per cubic meter by the treatment T₁ feed with 32% protein; T₂frest mussel; T₃ Saudi Bangla prawn feed respectively. There were no significant difference observed in survival rate and production of prawn by the treatmen ts. The final average weight were observed 28.95 g, 25.54 g and 26.52 g by the treatment T₁ , T₂, T₃ respectively and FCR were 4.81, 4.86, 5.18 by the treatment T₁, T₂, T₃ respectively. The estimated equation of carapace length and weight for the prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii were found to be Log W= -0.927 + 2.853 Log L, Log W= -1.066 + 3.020 Log L, and Log W= -0.439 + 2.273 Log L for the treatments T₁ T₂, T₃ respectively.

Complete food wash out was observed within 2 hours at the current of 60 cm/ second, it was also observed during the high transparency that prawn start their feeding within 3-4 minuted after the feed supply, Feed loss is a problem in cage culture which has been discussed by Colling , and is one of the main reason why commercial cage culture in fast flowing rivers is unlikely to proves viable. So, for successful cage culture, it is important to obtain less loss of supplied feed by proper feed supply technique

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