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Optimization of Stocking Density for Growth and Production of Striped Mullet, Mugil Cephalus L. in Pond Culture System

Ehsanul Karim
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Marine Fisheries & Technology Station, Cox’s Bazar 4700, Bangladesh

M. Zaher
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Marine Fisheries & Technology Station, Cox’s Bazar 4700, Bangladesh

M.A. Haque
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Marine Fisheries & Technology Station, Cox’s Bazar 4700, Bangladesh

M.S. Kuli Khan
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Marine Fisheries & Technology Station, Cox’s Bazar 4700, Bangladesh

M.J. Rahman
Department of Fisheries, Dhaka

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Striped mullets (Mugil cephalus) of 60 g were stocked in earthen ponds @ 40, 60 and 80 juveniles/40m² in three treatments T-1, T-2 and T-3, respectively for a period of 240 days. Water quality parameters such as, water temperature ranged from 27.5°C to 29.9 °C; pH from 7.8 to 8.7; dissolved oxygen for 5.1 mg/l to 6.2 mg/l and total alkalinity from 90 mg/l to 145 mg/l. There were no significant differences in water temperature and total alkalinity among the treatments (p<0.05). The differences in pH and dissolved oxygen in all three treatments were highly significant (p<0.05). Highest survival rate 86% was found with low stocking density and lowest 68% was found with highest stocking density. Total production ranged from 3,625 kg/ha in low stocking density to 4,759 kg/ha in high stocking density. The differences in all growth parameters were highly significant (p<0.05).

Keywords: Mugil cephalus, Stocking density, Production

Location: Cox’s Bazar district, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-08-2011

End Date: 00-03-2012

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Aquatic animal

Objectives:

To determine its optimum stocking density and effect on growth, survival and production in pond culture system.

Methodology:

Study area: The experiment was conducted from August, 2011 to March, 2012 (for 8 months) in three ponds of the Samriddhi Fish Farm, S.M Para, Cox’s Bazar Sadar. The ponds that were selected for this study were of 40, 50 and 60 decimals respectively and were marked as T-1, T-2 and T-3. All of the ponds were equal in depth, configuration and pattern including water supply facilities and also having well organized inlet and outlet system to maintain suitable water level. The water depth was maintained at a maximum of 1.4 m. Experimental protocol: To fulfill the objective of determining the optimum stocking density and its effect on the growth and production in pond culture system an average of 60 g sized juveniles were stocked in ponds with the ratio of male 60: female 40. Experimental design: Three ponds were randomly selected to accommodate the relevant treatments. Pond preparation: The ponds were newly excavated for striped mullet culture and the banks were planted with grass to prevent soil erosion. After one week, all the ponds were completely dried-up to eradicate insects, poisonous gases and undesirable fishes. Lime was applied at the rate of 1 kg/40m² and then fertilized with both organic and inorganic fertilizers. The natural seawater was stored in ponds which raised salinity up to 10-15 ppt and it was also maintained in the rainy season by mixing up brine. The optimum salinity range for euryhaline fish’s growth is 10-20 ppt. Collection and stocking of fries: Wild juveniles of M. cephalus were collected from the nearby Bakhkhali river and transported to the farm by plastic made drum having oxygenation facility. Juveniles of mean 60 g sizes were stocked as per the design in three selected ponds after acclimatization containing about 10-12 ppt water salinity. During stocking sufficient care was taken in respect of physico-chemical conditions. Feed selection and feeding strategy: Commercial pellet feed named ‘Niribili feed’ was selected for the present experiment. This pellet feed contained 30% protein and was nutritious. At the beginning of the experiment, feed was supplied @ 10% of the body weight of stocked Striped mullets and gradually it was readjusted on every month gradually to 8%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, and 2.5%. Sampling was done regularly at an interval of 30 days. The fishes were fed three times daily at every 8 hour intervals and each time the feed was broadcasted homogenously to the whole pond. Water quality parameters: Physico-chemical factors of pond water viz. water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and total alkalinity were recorded regularly at monthly intervals between 9.00 am and 11.30 am. Temperature of water and air and water pH were taken from each pond by a digital water proof pH, EC/TDS and temperature meters (HANNA instruments, model: HI 98129-HI98130). The dissolved oxygen of water was measured by a digital DO meter (Model- Lutron, DO-5509). Total alkalinity of water was measured by Bromophenol/blue indicator and HI: 3811-0 Solution by titrimetric method (HI 3811 Alkalinity test kit). Growth study: Sampling (fish's health, length and body weight) of striped mullet was conducted regularly once in a month and the final harvest was done after 240 days of culture. Experimental data collected during the growth trial were used to determine. Estimation of survival rate (%): The survival rate of fishes for each treatment was examined on the basis of number of fish harvested at the end of the experiment. The survival rate was calculated by counting the actual number of fishes survived, divided by the initial number stocked and multiplying by 100 and thus. Statistical analysis: Statistical analysis was done by one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to test the significance of variations among the treatments. Standard error of treatment means were calculated from the residual mean squares in the analysis of variance.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Fish. Res., 15-16, 2011-12: 103-114

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The 60 fingerlings/decimal is the best density for the Striped mullet, M. cephalus pond farming. From the above results, it is clear that in pond ecosystem, Striped mullets can be successfully cultured using supplementary feed.

Knowledge Management: Journal