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Macropropagation of Bamboos by Pre-rooted and Pre-rhizomed Branch Cutting.

Dr. Ratan Lal Banik
( Ex.Divisional officer)
Silviculture Genetics Division, Bangladesh Forest Research Institute,P.O. Box-273, Chittagong.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Artificial induction of in situ aerial roots and rhizomes at the branch bases on the culms of Bambusa balcooa, B. nutans, B. polymorpha, B. vulgaris and Dendrocalamus giganteus was found possible by culm top chopping and emerging culm removal treatments. Thin-walled bamboo, such as Melocanna baccifera did not respond to these treatments.Such aerially rooted and rhizomed branches were used as cuttings. Formation of active roots and rhizomes from these cuttings was significantly higher (60-93%) inside a fibre glass tent without mist than those placed in the open intermittent mist bed (0-7 %).

Keywords: Macropropagation, branch cutting, pre-rooted, pre-rhizomed, bamboo propagules

Location: Bangladesh Forest Research Institute, Chittagong.

Start Date: 00-00-0000

End Date: 00-00-0000

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Bamboo

Objectives:

To test their suitability as bamboo propagules
To find out the suitable methods for the production of pre-rooted and pre-rhizomed branch cuttings.

Methodology:

Attempts were made to induce in situ roots and rhizomes (pre-rooted and pre-rhizomed branch cutting) at the branch bases of Bambusa balcooa Roxb., B. nutans Walls, B. polymormha, B. vulgaris Schrad, Dendrocalamus giganteus Munro and Melocanna baccifera Trin.In the nature, one may find the presence of in situ rooting at the branch base of a bamboo culm which was injured at the top. This process of injury was followed and the tops of all the one year old culms of randomly selected clumps of the bamboo species under study were chopped off (mutilation) by a knife to produce pre-rooted and pre-rhizomed condition at the branch bases.Soil around the newly emerging culms of a treated clump was removed and the exposed culms were dug out for another treatment. This treatment was applied only in Bambusa. nutans, B. polymorpha and B. vulgaris.Induced pre-rooted and pre-rhizomed branches were separated from the treated culms by a sharp hand-saw during the month of June and used as cuttings. Such cuttings were not fully active and viable. So these were stuck 8 cm deep into a 16.5 cm deep coarse sand rooting medium in a fiber glass tent without mist (FGT) and an open intermittent mist bed (OIM), both being inside shade, for developing active roots and rhizomes. The average rooting medium temperatures inside the FGT during 8 am and 2 pm was 26ºC and 30ºC respectively. The percentage of relative humidity inside the chamber was also around 95 throughout the experimentation period. The average temperature was low (20º and 22ºC during 8 am and 2 pm respectively) inside the OIM bed.Ten cuttings were placed in each chamber with three replications.Successful cuttings were then planted in polyethylene bags (15 cm x 23 cm) containing soil mixed with cow dung (3:1) and kept in partial shade for 2 to 3 days for hardening. These were then placed in direct sunlight and irrigated regularly until the next planting season.

Source of Information: Bano Biggyan Patrika Vol 13 (1&2) : 67-73,1984

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Chopping of culm tops and removal of emerging culms are the important methods for induction of aerial roots and rhizomes in situ at the branch bases of different bamboo species. A thin-walled bamboo like Melocanna baccifera did not respond to such treatments.Fibre glass tent propagation chamber provided favorable condition for developing viable bamboo propagules within 2 to 3 month from the pre-rooted and pre-rhizomed branch cuttings. Warm and highly humid conditions are important factors for activating the roots and rhizomes of such branch cutting of bamboo . Instead of FGT chamber, a transparent polythene tent can be used to make the process economic.To ensure the success of bamboo propagation through vegetative means prerooted and prerhizomed branch cuttings may be reasonably dependable propagules at least in a few bamboo species.

Knowledge Management: Journal