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Isolation, Identification and Antibiogram Study of Escherichia Coli and Shigella Spp. from Fecal Sample of Tiger and Lion at Dhaka Zoo.

A.S.M. Ashab Uddin
SO, Training, Planning and Technology Testing
BLRI, Savar, Dhaka

Md. Amirul Hasan
SO, Training, Planning and Technology Testing
BLRI, Savar, Dhaka

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Escherichia coli and Shigella spp. isolated from fecal samples of tiger and lion collected from Dhaka Zoo and samples were identified in the Bacteriology Laboratory of Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka during the period from July to December 2014. A total of 40 samples, 18 from Tiger and 22 from Lion fecal samples were collected aseptically and subjected to primary isolation by propagating in nutrient broth followed by culture on different agar media and both. Gram’s staining and hanging drop techniques were also performed. Biochemical properties of the isolates were studied. Author found that 65% samples were E. coli positive. On the other hand 35% samples were revealed as Shigella containing samples. In antibiotic sensitivity test, most of the E. coli isolates were sensitive to Ciprofloxacin (CIP), Ceftriaxone (CRO), Azithromycin (AZM) and Cefotaxime (CTX) and resistant to Oxytetracyclin (OT), Erythromycin (E), Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid (AMC) and Cephradin (CE). Isolated Shigella spp. were revealed sensitive to Ciprofloxacin (CIP), Ceftriaxone (CRO), intermediately sensitive to Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid (AMC) and resistant to Oxytetracyclin (OT), Erythromycin (E), Azithromycin (AZM) and Cephradin (CE). So it can be suggested that, clinician may use ciprofloxacin as a choice of drug in case of Escheriosis and Shigellosis.

Keywords: Tiger and Lion, Isolation, Identification, Antibiogram study

Location: BLRI, Savar, Dhaka

Start Date: 01-01-2014

End Date: 31-12-2014

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Animal

Objectives:

1. Isolation and Identification of Escherichia coli and Shigella spp. from fecal sample of tiger and lion,

2. Assessment of bacterial sensitivity of the isolates to different antibiotics.

Methodology:

The present study was undertaken to isolate and identify E.coli and Shigella spp. from the fecal samples of tiger and lion. The study was conducted in the Bacteriological Laboratory of Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka and laboratory of the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet. The detailed outline of Materials and Methods are given below:

Fecal samples were collected from tiger and lion for the experimental study. A total number of 40 fecal samples were collected from tiger and lion. Each sample was collected separately. To prevent maceration with soil and debris, plastic were used on the floor of the night shelter of tiger and lion. All responsible personnel were instructed by the author to collect fecal sample at beginning of the morning. Author used pre-leveled sterile poly bags for aseptic and appropriate identification of the collected samples. Author avoided all the soiled samples strictly. All the samples were collected during 6.00 to 7.00 A.M. Then the collected samples were taken in sterile poly bags and transferred in a icebox. Then the samples were transported to the Bacteriology laboratory of BLRI, Savar, Dhaka to isolate and identify of E.coli and Shigella spp. Fecal swab was collected from each sample with the help of sterile swab stick and aseptically transported to the nutrient broth and mixed well. Later, sample containing nutrient broth were placed into incubator to incubate the sample for 24 hours.

Experimental steps:

1.Isolation of bacteria from study samples

2. Primary culture on nutrient broth

3.Culture on nutrient agar

4.Secondary culture on differential media

5.Identification of the isolates

6.Gross colony study

7.Microscopic study by staining method

8.Motility test by using Hanging drop slide

9.Biochemical test

10.Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Source of Information: MS Thesis

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

On the basis of morphology, staining, cultural and biochemical characteristics, the isolated organism were classified as Escherichia coli and Shigella spp. Out of 40 fecal samples a total of 26 (65%) samples of the tiger and lion were Escherichia coli positive while 14 (35%) samples were Shigella positive. Eight commonly used antibiotics were studied for the sensitivity against Escherichia coli and Shigella spp. The results of the inhibition of the bacterial growth were variable in different antibiotics. Ciprofloxacin, Ceftriaxone, Azithromycin and Cefotaxime who revealed sensitivity to E.coli. Among those antibiotics Ciprofloxacin showed maximum zone of inhibition (33.66 mm) against E.coli. On the other hand, isolated Shigella spp. were mostly sensitive to Ciprofloxacin, Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone and resistant to erythromycin, Azithromycin, Cephradin and Tetracyclin. It was observed that the efficacy pattern like as Ciprofloxacin>Ceftriaxone>Cefotaxime>Amoxicillin/Clavulanic acid in case of Shigella spp. and Ciprofloxacin>Azithromycin>Ceftriaxone>Cefotaxime. in case of E.coli. it can be suggested that practitioners might use Ciprofloxacin for the treatment of both Escheriasis and Shigellosis as drug of choice.

Knowledge Management: Thesis