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Clinical and Histopathological Investigations in Exotic Catfish Pangasianodon Hypophthalmus (sauvage, 1878) Under Culture Condition

M. A. R. FARUK
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh -2202 Bangladesh

M. M. HASAN
Department of Aquaculture, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur - 5200, Bangladesh

Z. P. PATWARY
Department of Aquaculture, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur - 5200, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Diseases of farmed exotic catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) were investigated by clinical and histopathological examination. Fishes showing clinical signs of disease (anal protrusion, hemorrhage, red eyes and mouth, ulcer on the body surface, grayish cotton wool patches on skin, eroded tail and fins) were sampled from the fish farm of the Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) and a private fish farm viz., Al-Falah Agro Farm (AAF) of Mymensingh District of Bangladesh. Gills of fishes were found to have the most prominent pathological conditions followed by kidney, skeletal muscle and liver. Loss of epidermis, massive infiltration of blood cells in the dermis and necrosis with vacuolation were observed in the affected fishes of BAU fish farm. In addition to these pathological changes, fishes of AAF were found to have pyknotic nuclei in dermis. General gill pathology of fishes from two farms included lamellar hypertrophy and hyperplasia, telangiectasis, haemorrhage, lamellar fusion and necrosis of lamellar epithelial cells. Liver pathology included necrotic and vacuolated hepatocytes. Mild haemorrhagic lesion, pyknotic nuclei and melanomacrophage centers were also found in the liver of fishes of both farms. Major renal pathology included necrotic and ruptured kidney tubules and renal corpuscles, severe haematopoietic necrosis, presence of melanomacrophage centers and haemorrhages.

Keywords: Clinical observation, Disease, Histopathology, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus

Location: Fish Disease Laboratory of the Faculty of Fisheries, BAU, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-00-2011

End Date: 00-00-2011

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Cat fish

Objectives:

To examine the disease conditions of farmed P. hypophthalmus using clinical and histopathological techniques.

Methodology:

P. hypophthalmus were cultured for nine months at Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) fish farm, where three experimental ponds each with 80 m² area were used for culturing fish. Fishes were also sampled from three ponds (average pond area- 0.38 ha and depth - 1.13 m) of a private fish farm viz., Al-Falah Agro Farm (AAF). The stocking density was 49,400 and 61,750 fry per ha in BAU fish farm and AFF respectively. Initially, a commercial catfish feed was supplemented in BAU fish farm at 10% body weight twice a day and 3% feed during adult stage. Fish in AFF also were supplemented with commercial feeds, fed twice a day with around 20% and 5% body weight respectively during the initial and adult stages. For examining the disease status of P. hypophthalmus, 20 fishes each from the selected ponds of BAU fish farm and AAF were sampled every month and carried alive to the Fish Disease Laboratory of the Faculty of Fisheries, BAU, Mymensingh. The sampled fishes were examined for external signs of colour changes, injury, lesion, fin damage and other abnormalities. Fishes were then anaesthetised, dissected and small pieces of skeletal muscle, gill, liver and kidney were collected and fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin for histopathological investigations. Fixed samples were dehydrated, embedded with molten wax, sectioned at a thickness of 5 μm and stained with haematoxylin and eosin and observed under microscope.

Source of Information: Indian J. Fish., 59(4) : 183-185, 2012

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The susceptibility of fish to disease and the pathological situation in fish depends on environment and on the virulence of the pathogen. The present study highlighted incidence of certain disease/ pathological conditions in P. hypophthalmus under farming conditions, based on clinical/histopathological investigations. However, further studies are needed to identify and characterize etiology of the disease conditions in order to formulate suitable disease control measures in farming of the species

Knowledge Management: Journal