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Performance of Hybrid Rice Genotypes in Drought Prone Rainfed Environments

B Karmakar
SSO
ARD BRRI Gazipur

SM Haefele
Senior Scientist
IRRI Philippines

A Kumar
Senior Scientist
IRRI Philippines

TL Aditya
CSO
BRRI Gazipur

TH Ansari
PSO
BRRI Rajshahi

A Raman
Scientist
IRRI India

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The yield potential of inbred rice varieties in Bangladesh is almost exhausted, but hybrid rice varieties could help to increase yields further. Several hybrid rice varieties have already been released but they all target favorable environments. A total of 25 hybrid rice lines along with 3 inbred check varieties were evaluated under drought stress and a well-watered control in farmers’ fields during the wet season 2009. Average rainfall at the experimental site close to Rajshahi is usually ranging between 1200-1400 mm, but was only 744 mm in 2009. In addition, the rainfall distribution was very uneven and most rain occurred in July-September. Establishment of the experiment was purposefully delayed by almost one month (27 August) compared with the normal planting date of wet season rice (15-31 July) to ensure drought stress at the reproductive stage of the crop. The stress treatment faced severe drought while the control treatment received sufficient irrigation. Across varieties, yields in the drought stress treatment were only 54% of the control treatment. The check variety BRRI dhan49 did not flower due to severe drought stress, and BRRI dhan33 and BINA dhan7 yielded very low (ranging from 1.6 to 1.7 t ha^-1). Among the 25 hybrid rice lines tested, only 5 hybrids out-yielded the standard check varieties under drought stress (> 2.0 t ha^-1). In the control treatment, 10 hybrid entries achieved higher yields (> 4.0 t ha^-1) than standard check varieties (3.50 t ha^-1). In general, growth duration reduced 3-7 days in drought stress treatment than control treatment. The growth duration ranged between 103-112 days which is similar to the short-duration varieties BRRI dhan33 and Binadhan-7. Three hybrid rice lines, IR86167H, IR81950H and IR82363H, showed excellent performance in the stressed and controlled environment. High drought tolerance of the lines IR86167H and IR81950H was indicated by their leaf rolling score, the observed soil moisture and the considerable ground water depth. Therefore we believe that these hybrid lines have an enormous potential to increase yield and improve farmers’ livelihood in drought-prone environments.

Keywords: Drought stress, Hybrid rice genotypes, Rainfed environment, Grain yield

Location: Edulpur, Godagari, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To test the performance of hybrid rice in drought-prone environments
To select suitable lines performing well in this environment

Methodology:

A total of 25 hybrid rice varieties including 3 inbred checks were tested in rainfed environment at Godagari, Rajshahi during T. Aman 2009. Twenty-day old seedlings were transplanted on 27 August 2008 in a spacing of 20 cm x 15 cm using single seedling/hill. The trial was non replicated. The unit plot size was 4 m x 4 rows. Fertilizers as Urea, TSP, MP, gypsum and ZnSO₄ were applied, respectively @ 180, 75, 90, 60 and 7.5 kg/ha. TSP, MP, Gypsum, Zinc sulfate and¹/₃ urea were applied as basal. Rest of urea was top dressed in equal splits on 11 and 27 September 2009. Proper crop protection measures were taken as and when necessary. Data gathered in the trial analyzed using statistical software CropStat 7.2. Means were compared with the least significant difference (LSD) test.

Source of Information: Proceedings of the 6th International Hybrid Rice Symposium held at Hyderabad, India on 10-12 Sep 2012, Abstract No. 385.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Three hybrid rice lines, IR86167H, IR81950H and IR82363H, showed excellent performance in both stressed and controlled environments. High drought tolerance of IR86167H and IR81950H was indicated by their low leaf rolling score and performance under severe stress conditions. We believe that these hybrid lines have a high potential to increase and stabilize yield in drought-prone environments, but further testing at multiple locations is required.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings