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Evaluation of Groundnut Mutants for Disease Reaction and Flowering Pattern

S. k. Debsharma
Department of Genetic and plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

U. K. Nath
Department of Genetic and plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

A. K. Azad
SSO
Genetics and Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclular Agriculture, Mymensingh.

M. J. Alam
M.S. in Seed Science and Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

C. Roy
M.S. in Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at the experiment field of the Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh-2202, during December 2010 to June 2011 with 20 genotypes. Twelve mutants GC(1)-24-2, GC(1)-24-1-1, GC(1)-3-2-2, GC(1)-3-2-1, GC(1)-24-2-1, GC(1)-32-3-3, GC(1)-32-1-1, GC(1)-39-1-1, GC(1)-39-1, GC(2)-3, GC(1)-32-2-1 and GC(1)-32-3-1 and the check variety Zingabadam were found to be moderately resistant to collar rot. Three mutants GC(1)-24-2-1, GC(1)-24-2 & GC(1)-31-1 were found to be moderately resistant to cercospora leaf spot. In case of rust, all the tested genotypes were found to be resistant except two mutants GC(2)-3 & GC(1)-32-3-1. . Flowering behaviour was studied in all genotypes and first flower commenced 40 days after emergence in genotype GC(1)-32-3-2-1. All the genotypes produced more number of flowers within 74 days after emergence. Based on this investigation, GC (1)-3-2-2 and GC (1)-32-2 appeared to be the high yield potential genotypes.

Keywords: Groundnut, Mutants, Disease resistance and flowering pattern.

Location: Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh.

Start Date: 00-11-2010

End Date: 00-06-2011

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Ground nut

Objectives:

To evaluate the groundnut genotypes for disease resistance and flowering behavior.

Methodology:

The present research work was conducted at the BINA Farm of the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh, during the period from November 2010 to June 2011, to study the disease resistance and flowering pattern of groundnut.

Genetic materials The experiment was conducted with 20 genotypes collected from Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA). The genotypes were: GC(1)-35-1, GC(1)-31-1, GC(1)-31-2, GC(1)-24-2, GC(1)-24-1-1, GC(1)-4, GC(1)-3-2-2, GC(1)-3-2-1, GC(1)-24-2-1, GC(1)-32-3-3, GC(1)-32-3-2-1, GC(1)-32-1-1, GC(1)-32-2, GC(1)-39-1-1, GC(1)-39-1, GC(2)-3, GC(1)-32-2-1 and GC(1)-32-3-1.

Land preparation, Experimental design, Seed sowing and Harvesting: The experimental plot was prepared by several ploughing and cross ploughing followed by laddering and harrowing with power tiller to bring about good tilth. Weeds and other stubbles were removed carefully from the experimental plot and leveled properly. Fertilizers such as urea, triple super phosphate (TSP), muriate of potash (MP) and gypsum were applied. Urea 50kg/ha (in two equal splits) was applied by two installments. Total amount of TSP180kg/ha and MP 100kg/ha along with half of the urea were applied at the time of final land preparation as a basal dose. The second half of the urea was applied after second irrigation at 85 days after sowing. Gypsum 120 kg/ha (in two equal splits) was applied as top dress at active pegging stage at 70 days after sowing followed by earthlings up. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications. The total number of unit plots was 60. The distance between rows was 30 cm and plants were 15 cm for proper growth and development of plants. Seeds were sown in furrows on 21^th December 2010, treating with Dithane M-45. Germination date was recorded. After complete emergence thinning was done to maintain and 15 cm distance from plant to plant. Necessary intercultural operations such as weeding, irrigation, plant protection measure etc. were done whenever necessary. Due to the variation in maturity period, harvesting date also varied from genotype to genotype. Harvesting was done from last week of May to 2^nd week of June 2011. Days to 50% flowering, daily flowers per plant and other data were recorded from 10 plants, which were selected randomly from the middle two rows of four-row plot to avoid border effect for the collection of data. The selected plants were tag-marked. The disease leaves are collected from individual plants in selected groundnut genotypes and separate in different grades for the measurement of disease reactions.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Seed Sci. &Tech. 15 (1&2): 147-152 (2011), ISSN 1029-8800

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results showed that all the genotypes produced more number of flowers within 74 days after emergence. The genotype GC(1)-3-2-2 and GC(1)-32-2 produced the highest number of flowers 47.76 and 47.66 per plant respectively compare to genotype GC(1)-4 (14.86) in which lowest number of flowers per plant. Based on this investigation, GC(1)-3-2-2 and GC(1)-32-2 appeared to be the high yield potential genotypes. These may be effectively utilized in varietal selection and improvement programme.

Knowledge Management: Journal