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Freshwater Fish Diversity at Greater Noakhali, Bangladesh

M. Shahadat Hossain
Institute of Marine Sciences and Fisheries, University of Chittagong, Chittagong -4331, Bangladesh

Subrata Sarker
Institute of Marine Sciences and Fisheries, University of Chittagong, Chittagong -4331, Bangladesh

M. Ziaur Rahaman
Institute of Marine Sciences and Fisheries, University of Chittagong, Chittagong -4331, Bangladesh

M. Mizanur Rahman
IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature), Bangladesh Country Office, Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study assessed the spatial-temporal diversity of fish at greater Noakhali, an aquatic ecosystem that supports the most diverse fish communities in Bangladesh. Fish samples were collected from eight locations from July 2010 to June 2011 and diversity analyzed using PAST software. Findings showed that greater Noakhali is the habitat for 128 fish species. For the whole sampling area, the Shannon diversity index, evenness, Margalef richness and dominance index values were 4.501, 0.889, 15.763 and 0.012, respectively. Oreochromis mossambicus, Mastacembelus armatus and Tenualosa toli were the major contributory species in temporal terms and Tenualosa ilisha, Somileptes gongota and Mystus vittatus in spatial terms.

Keywords: Freshwater, Fish biodiversity,

Location: Greater Noakhali district, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-07-2011

End Date: 00-10-2011

Program Area: Conservation and Biodiversity

Commodity: Aquatic animal

Objectives:

To explore the existing fish faunal composition, including their temporal and spatial diversity, of greater Noakhali.

Methodology:

Data collection: To collect fish species specimens, the study area is divided into eight sampling stations: Feni (sampling station #1, hereafter St 1), Dagonbhuya (St 2), Companiganj (St 3), Zaminderhat (St 4), Chamuhani (St 5), Maijdee (St 6), Ramgati (St 7) and Ramjanj (St 8). Fish samples were collected from July-October 2011 through extensive field visits. The fish were collected with seine nets, hand nets, push nets, lift nets, traps and hooks. Generally, fishermen throw away non-target fish, whether alive or dead, that they catch as a byproduct. Local fishermen were requested to keep all fish, target and non-target, for our research purposes. Samples were collected through personal visits to fishing and landing centers as well as fish markets in the area. Fishermen, fish traders and fish farmers were consulted for sampling purposes. Samples were collected, photographed and refrigerated. Chemicals were not added to preserve the fish. The samples were then transferred to the lab for taxonomic identification. Data analysis: In the first stage of data analysis, the diversity of the fish assemblage was quantified and compared statistically. Paleontological Statistics (PAST) version 2.15, a software package for paleontological data analysis written by P.D. Ryan, D.A.T. Harper and J.S. Whalley, was used to run the analysis. PAST has grown into a comprehensive statistics package that is used not only by paleontologists, but also in many fields of life science, earth science, and even engineering and economics. Species diversity was assessed using four different indices: Shannon– Wiener, richness, evenness and dominance indices in both the spatial and temporal spectrum. The pre-monsoon, monsoon and post-monsoon diversity indices were calculated from the spatial raw data by combining the fish communities of all study sites. All indices –Shannon-Weiner, Margalef, evenness and dominance – were calculated from the raw data for each temporal assemblage of fish. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for diversity indices to calculate any difference among the months and stations. In the event of significance, a post-hoc Tukey HSD test determined which means were significantly different at a 0.05 level of probability. Similarity percentages analysis (SIMPER) determined the percentage of similarity among months and stations. In addition, SIMPER also estimated the percentage of major contributing species, for both months and stations. Hierarchical clustering produced a dendrogram for investigating similarities among months and stations.

Source of Information: CMU J. Nat. Sci. (2014) Vol. 13(2), 207-225

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

For the whole sampling area, the Shannon diversity index, evenness, Margalef richness and dominance index values were 4.501, 0.889, 15.763 and 0.012, respectively. Oreochromis mossambicus, Mastacembelus armatus and Tenualosa toli were the major contributory species in temporal terms and Tenualosa ilisha, Somileptes gongota and Mystus vittatus in spatial terms.

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