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Effect of Seed Size and Cutting Methods on the Yield and Profitability of Potato

Dr. Md. Shafayet Hossain
Deputy Director
Krishi Bhaban, 49-51 Dilkusa C/A, Dhaka

M. Zakaria
Professor
Dept. of Horticulture, BSMRAU, Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

It was observed that the foliage coverage, plant height, stems/hill, number and weight of tubers/plant varied significantly due to variation of tuber size. The highest germination index (18.13) was found when large size whole tuber was used followed by small size whole tuber and medium size whole tuber, Vigorous plants, maximum plant height and the number of stems/hill at 60 DAP were also produced when the crop was raised from large size whole tubers. The maximum leaf area of 3909 cm² was found in medium size-half proximal treatment. The highest number (10.23) and weight of tubers/hill (0.40 kg) were observed in T₆ large size-whole tuber treatment. the highest gross yield of tubers (25.10 t/ha) was also produced when large whole tubers were used. However, small tuber size and half cut distal would be economically profitable for enhancing growth and yield of potato.

Keywords: Potato, Seed Size, Cutting Methods, Profitability

Location: Research field of Tuber Crop Research Centre (TCRC) of BARI, Gazipur

Start Date: 28-11-2006

End Date: 02-12-2007

Program Area: Seed Technology

Commodity: Potato

Objectives:

To determine the effects of cutting methods and seed size on the yield and profitability in potato

Methodology:

All sizes of tubers were cut longitudinally to obtain longitudinal half cut. Longitudinal half cut pieces were cut again for getting 1/4^th longitudinal cut. All sizes tubers were cut horizontally (cross wise) to obtain half distal and half proximal cut pieces. Half distal and half proximal cut pieces were cut into half for obtaining 1/4^th crosswise cut pieces. Thus, longitudinal half cut, 1/4^th longitudinal cut, distal half cut, proximal half cut and 1/4^th cut crosswise pieces of all sizes tubers were obtained. Seed size 's' (Large-S₁=45-55 g, Medium-S₂=35-45 g, Small-S₃=25- 35g and cutting methods 'C'(Half longitudinal, Half distal-C₂, Half proximal-C₃, 1/4^th crosswise-C₄, 1/4^th longitudinal-C₅, Whole tuber-C₆) were the two factors. the three sizes of seed tubers and six cutting methods made 18 treatments. The treatments were designated as T₁-S₁C₁=Large size-half longitudinal, T₂-S₁C₁=Large size-Half distal, T₃=S₁C₃=Large size-Half proximal,T₄-S₁C₄=Large size- 1/4^th crosswise, T₅=S₁C₅=Large size-1/4^th longitudinal, T₆=S₁C₆=Large size whole tuber, T₇=S₂C₁=Medium size-Half longitudinal, T₈=S₂C₂=Medium size-Half distal, T₉=S₂C₃=Medium size- Half proximal, T₁₀=S₂C₄= Medium size- 1/4^th crosswise,T₁₁=S₂C₅= Medium size- 1/4^th longitudinal, T₁₂=S₂C₆= Medium size- Whole tuber, T₁₃=S₃C₁=Small size-Half longitudinal, T₁₄=S₃C₂=Small size-Half distal, T₁₅=S₃C₃=Small size-Half proximal, T₁₆=S₃C₄=Small size- 1/4^th crosswise, T₁₇=S₃C₅=Small size- 1/4^th longitudinal, T₁₈=S₃C₆=Small size-Whole tuber. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications.The seed tubers were planted in 3m x 3m plots on 28^th November 2006 maintaining a spacing of 60 cm x 25c m. Thus each unit plot accommodated 60 pieces in 5 rows. Data on different parameters were analyzed statistically using MSTAT-C program to find out the significance of experimental result. Partial economic analysis was done in order to find out comparative benefits of the combination treatments of seed size and cutting methods.

Source of Information: The Agriculturalists 9(1&2): 54-62(2011)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Whole tubers performed better in relation to plant height foliage coverage, no. of stems per hill, no, of tubers per hill, per hectare yield than cut tubers, while the half cut distal (C₂) showed better performance than proximal end. Half cut distal parts found the best or producing the marketable tubers. Large whole tubers proved to be the best for maximum vegetative growth, tuber yield/plant and per hectare yield, while large half cut distal parts was the next. Medium whole tubers (T₁₂) proved to be the best in case of net returns/hectare followed by small whole tubers (T₁₈) and large half cut longitudinal (T₂). Small half cut distal (T₁₄) was found to be the best regarding benefit cost ratio (8.13) followed by the small half longitudinal (6.7), large half cut longitudinal (5.09) and small whole tubers (4.86). Considering al the aspects, it was concluded that T₅ from large sized tuber, T₈ from medium sized and T₁₄ (1/2 cut distal) from small sized tuber could be the optimum for planting cut tubers.

Knowledge Management: Journal