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Integrated Management of Late and Early Blight in Tomato

Dr. Md. Jalaluddin
Chief Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division, Banagladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2200.

Dr. Md. Ibrahim Khalil
Senior Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division, Banagladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2200.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A series of experiments were conducted for testing the effects of sanitation, fungicides, plant extracts, seedling root treatments, organic soil amendments and micronutrients for the integrated management of Early blight and Late blight of tomato. The foliar applications of Dithane M-45 (0.2%) or Ginger extract (1:10 w/v) three times after sanitation of the blighted leaves at 40 and 70 DAT significantly reduced the vertical development and severities of Early blight of summer tomato and increased fruit yields. Similarly three times applications of Ridomil MZ-72 (0.2%) or Ginger extract (1:10w/v) at 12-day intervals followed by sanitation at 40 and 70 DAT significantly reduced the severity of Late blight of winter tomato and increased fruit yields. The seedling root treatments with 0.3% Tri-sodium phosphate or 0.2% Ridomil MZ-72 and transplanted in Mustard oil-cake amended soil showed reduction of Early blight of summer tomato and increased fruit yield. The single and the combined applications of boron (2.0 kg/ha), molybdenum (1.5 kg/ha) and zinc (3.0 kg/ha) with sanitation of the diseased leaves reduced the severity of early and late blight and increased fruit yields of summer and winter tomatoes. The results of the studies will further be tested in different AEZ of Bangladesh.

Keywords: Tomato, Early blight, Late blight, Management

Location: Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) HQ, Mymensingh; BINA Sub-station farms at Rangpur and Ishurdi, Pabna

Start Date: 01-08-1999

End Date: 31-07-2001

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Tomato

Objectives:

To develop integrated management strategies for Early blight of summer tomato and Late blight of winter tomato in different location using filed sanitation, organic amendments, micronutrients and fungicides.

Methodology:

A total of nine field experiments were conducted for testing the effects of sanitation (removal of the diseased leaves from the growing plants), fungicides, plant extracts, seedling root treatments, organic soil amendments and micronutrients in order to develop suitable strategies for the integrated management of Early blight (Alternaria solani) of summer tomato and Late blight (Phytophthora infestans) of winter tomato. The foliar applications of fungicides, Dithane M-45 (0.2%) and Ridomil MZ-72 (0.2%) or Garlic and Ginger extract (1:10 w/v) were sprayed three times at 12-day intervals commencing immediately after sanitation of the blighted leaves at 40 days after transplanting (DAT) followed by second sanitation at 70 DAT. The data on Early and Late blight incidence and the severity were recorded at 40, 55 and 70 DAT. From each plot, seven plants were selected randomly for recording the severity of the disease in the subsequent spray programme and the final disease severity data were recorded 16 days after last spray. Fruit weight (kg/plant) and fruit yield (t/ha) were also recorded at harvest. The data were subjected to appropriate statistical analysis in order to assess the significant differences among the treatments. The roots of tomato seedlings treated with 0.3% solution of Tri-sodium phosphate and then transplanted in soil-amended with Sawdust (500 kg/ha) to assess the severity of Early blight of summer tomato and Late blight of winter tomato. The single and combined applications of boron (3 kg/ha), molybdenum (1.5 kg/ha) and zinc (3.0 kg/ha) with early sanitation of the diseased leaves 40 DAT were carried out for both summer and winter tomatoes. The data on Early and Late blight incidence and the severity were recorded at 40, 55 and 70 DAT. From each plot, seven plants were selected randomly for recording the severity of the disease in the subsequent spray programme and the final disease severity data were recorded 16 days after last spray. Fruit weight (kg/plant) and fruit yield (t/ha) were also recorded at harvest. The data were subjected to appropriate statistical analysis in order to assess the significant differences among the treatments.

Source of Information: Project Completion Report (??)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. World Bank

Budget: Six lakh

Total Budget (Tk.) : Six lakh

Achievement/Findings:

The foliar applications of Dithane M-45 (0.2%) three times at 12-day intervals commencing after removal of infected leaves (sanitation) at 40 DAT and at 70 DAT significantly reduced the severity of the Early blight of summer tomato and increased fruit yields.
The foliar applications of Ridomil MZ-72 (0.2%) or Dithane M-45 (0.2%) three times at 12-day intervals commencing after sanitation of the blighted leaves at 40 DAT and at 70 DAT reduced the severity of Late blight of winter tomato and increased fruit yield.
The foliar applications of ginger extract (1:10 w/v) three times at 12-day intervals commencing after sanitation of blighted leaves 40 DAT reduced the severity of Early blight of summer tomato and and late blight of winter tomato and also increased fruit yields significantly.
The seedling roots treated with 0.2% Ridomil MZ-72 and transplanted in Mustard oil-cake amended soil significantly reduced the severity of Early blight of summer tomato and Late blight of winter tomato and finally increased fruit yields.
The combined applications of boron (2.0kg/ha), molybdenum (1.5kg/ha) and zinc (3.0kg/ha) along with early sanitation of the blighted leaves reduced the severity of Late blight of tomato and increased fruit yield.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings