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Integrated Management and Induction of Sheath Blight Resistance in Rice

Dr. Md. Jalaluddin
Chief Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2200.

Dr. Md. Ibrahim Khalil
Senior Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2200.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Two field experiments were conducted to develop integrated management strategies and to evaluate resistance of M₃ mutants of Binadhan-6 and Brridhan-29 against Sheath blight (ShB) of rice during Aman season. The single and integrated applications of chickpea bran (3.0 t ha^-1), poultry refuge (5.0 t ha^-1) and Tilt 25EC (2 ml l^-1) were tested against Sheath blight of rice (cv. Brridahn-39) during Aman season in RCBD design. The inoculum of Rhizoctonia solani previously grown on to sterilized rice hull-husk media were applied at booting stage. Plants were assessed for ShB severities at 30, 45 and 65 days after inoculation. The results revealed that the severity of ShB increased with increasing the age of plants. The highest grain yield (2.88 t ha^-1) was recorded in plots where combined applications of poultry refuge and Tilt 25EC were made. For evaluating resistance of the mutant lines to ShB, the plants were inoculated artificially using the virulent strains of the pathogen in the field at booting stage of crop growth. A total of 11 induced mutants (Five from Binadhan-6 and six from Brridhan-29) were selected from Binadhan-6 and Brridhan-29 based on disease severity (0-5) and better agronomic performance for yield and yield attributes.

Keywords: Rice, Sheath blight, Management, Induction

Location: Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh; Kakonhat, Rajshahi

Start Date: 01-07-2005

End Date: 30-06-2006

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To develop integrated management strategies for sheath blight in rice for increasing yield and seed quality.
To identify the induced Sheath blight resistant mutants of rice in the M₃ and subsequent advanced generations.

Methodology:

Experiment 1. Effect of pulse bran, poultry refuge and Tilt on Sheath blight of rice

The single and combined applications of chickpea bran, poultry refuge and fungicide Tilt 25EC were assessed during Aman season of 2005 to find out the suitable strategy for the integrated management of sheath blight (ShB) of rice (cv. Brridahn-39) at Kakonhat, Rajshahi. The treatments with doses were: T₁ = chickpea bran (3.0 t ha^-1), T₂ = Poultry refuge (PR) 5.0 t ha^-1, T₃ = Tilt 25EC (2ml l^-1) three times, T₄ = chickpea bran + Poultry refuge, T₅ = chickpea bran + Tilt 25EC, T₆ = Poultry refuge + Tilt 25EC, T₇ = chickpea + Poultry refuge +Tilt 25EC, T₈= Control-1 (with inoculum), T₉= Control-2 (without inoculum). The experiment was conducted in factorial RCBD with three replications. The unit plot size was 5.0 m x 2.5 m and the spacings between lines and plants within lines were 25 cm and 15 cm, respectively. The recommended doses of fertilizers were applied and cultural practices were followed. The seedlings were transplanted on 1 August 2005. The inoculum of R. solani previously grown on sterilized rice hull-husk media were applied in soil @ 50 g m^-2 at the booting stage. Plants were assessed for ShB severity at 30, 45 and 65 days after inoculation. The grains yields per treatment were recorded after harvest.

Experiment 2: Evaluation of M₃ mutants of rice against Sheath blight

M₃ seeds obtained from M₂ plants raised from six different doses of gamma-rays of the rice cultivars Binadhan-6 and Brridhan-29 were evaluated against Sheath blight (ShB) during Aman season of 2005-06. The seedlings were raised separately in seed-bed and 25-day-old seedlings were transplanted separately in each non-replicated plots. Recommended dose of NPKS Zn were applied and intercultural operations like weeding and irrigation were done regularly in order to maintain optimum condition for ShB development and spread in the field. All the plants in each selected progenies were inoculated with the virulent isolates and Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn at booting stage of crop growth. The inoculated plants were assessed three weeks after inoculation using indices developed at IRRI (IRRI, 1980).

Source of Information: Final Report of the Project(??)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council

Budget: Fifty thousand

Total Budget (Tk.) : Fifty thousand

Achievement/Findings:

The combined application for the organic matter poultry refuge along with the fungicide Tilt 25EC showed better performance for reducing the ShB severity and increasing grain yield.
Eleven ShB resistance induced mutants with high yielding fine grain potential from Binadhan-6 and Brridhan-29 were selected for further study in the advanced generations.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings