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Variability in Seed Size and Content of Protein and Odap in Grass Pea Germplasm

Dr. M. A. Q. Sheikh
Chief Scientific Officer
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Adam B. Puteh
Principal Scientific Officer
Crop Quality Lab., Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Seeds of grass pea contain an unusual amino acid, ß-N-oxalyl-L-2,3-diamino propionic acid (ODAP) also referred as B-(N)-Oxalyl-amino-L-alanine (BOAA) which is responsible for an incurable paralysis of the lower limbs of men, called lathyrism. This study included thirty bold and small seeded genotypes of grass pea to ascertain the variability and the relationship existing among seed size, content of protein and ODAP in seeds. Weight of 1000-seed ranged from 40.50 to 79.23 g. The protein and ODAP content ranged from 25.05 to 33.95% and 0.32 to 2.02%, respectively. A significant positive correlation was observed between seed size and protein content (r = 0.48**) but negative association was obtained between seed size and ODAP content (r = - 0.22*). There was also negative association between the content of protein and ODAP (r = - 0.16). Therefore, it may be feasible to develop low neurotoxin varieties by selecting bold seed size following hybridization of bold seeded and low neurotoxin types with those having small seeds and high neurotoxin.

Keywords: Lathyrus sativus, BOAA/ODAP, Genetic variability, Quality traits

Location: Crop quality Laboratory of BINA, Mymensingh

Start Date: 09-11-1985

End Date: 12-04-1986

Program Area: Quality and Nutrition

Commodity: Grasspea

Objectives:

To determine the variation in seed size and in the amounts of BOAA and protein in the seeds, and also to find out the relationships, if any, among these characters. Information in this regard may help in the development of suitable cultivars for cultivation.

Methodology:

Seeds of 16 local landraces grass pea genotypes were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural Resarch Institute, Bangladesh and Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Bangladesh, and seeds of 14 exotic grass pea genotypes were obtained from International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Aleppo, Syria. Seed protein was measured by micro-kjeldahl method. Three replicates were made for each sample. Neurotoxin level (ODAP) was analyzed following a modified Rao’s procedure (Rao, 1978). In addition, for each accession 100-seeds weight (g) was recorded. This information was used in measuring the seed size of the genotypes. The collected data were analyzed statistically following the analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique and the mean differences were adjudged by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) using the statistical computer package program, MSTAT-C. Correlation coefficient analysis was performed among studied parameters using the same programme of MSTAT-C.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Journal of Nuclear Agriculture, 2: 6-9 (1986)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

High protein with low neuro-toxin content was observed in bold seeds indicating selection for bolder seeds would improve the protein content. Further, a negative correlation was observed between seed size and ODAP content. This means selection for bold seededness may result in isolation of low neurotoxin types. It is suggested from the results that through appropriate hybridization, desirable cultivars possessing low ODAP, bold seed size and high protein content could be developed. Therefore, it may be feasible to develop low neurotoxin varieties by selecting bold seed size following hybridization of bold seeded and low neurotoxin types with those having small seeds and high neurotoxin. The results further showed that L. sativus cultivated in the Mediterranean region are promising genetic materials for cultivation in Indian subcontinent for their bolder seed size with low ODAP contents.

Knowledge Management: Journal