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Potentiality of Seed Treatment with Some Plant Extract to Control Bipolaris Leaf Blight (bipolaris Sorokiniana) and Increasing Yield of Wheat

M. A. Islam
1&4 M.S. Student, 2 Asstt.Prof., 3 Prof,
Department of Plant Pathology, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207.

F. M. Aminuzzaman

M. R. Islam

M.W. Ullah

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of plant extracts to control Bipolaris leaf blight (Bipolaris sorokiniana) and increasing grain yield of wheat. Water extracts of neem (Azadirachtaindica), ‘allamanda’(Allamandacathartica), ‘mehedi’(Lawsonia alba) leaves, ‘bishkatali’ (Polygonum hydropiper) shoot, ‘garlic’(Allium sativum) clove, onion (Allium cepa) bulb, black cumin (Nigella sativa) seed, and ginger (Zingiber officinalis) rhizome were prepared at a concentration of 1:2. Wheat seeds were treated with individual plant extracts. Seeds were also treated with Vitavax-200 for comparison. It was found that all the plant extracts except mehedi increased seed germination on blotter. A remarkable reduction in incidence of seed borne Bipolarissorokiniana was achieved with the botanicals. The disease severity was the lowest under Vitavax-200, followed by bishkatali and garlic extract. The highest disease severity was recorded under control. The increasd grain yield over control was achieved with extracts of onion, garlic, black cumin, ginger, bishkatali and neem. The efficacy of plant extracts to decrease disease severity and to increase grain yield was more or less similar to that of Vitavax -200.

Keywords: Plant extracts, Leaf blight, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Wheat, Control

Location: Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Research System (SAURES), Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka

Start Date: 00-00-2005

End Date: 00-00-2006

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To evaluate the efficacy of plant extracts to control Bipolaris leaf blight (Bipolaris sorokiniana) and increasing grain yield of wheat.

Methodology:

A study was undertaken at Sher-E- Bangla Agricultural University farm during 2005-2006 to evaluate the efficacy of plant extracts to control Bipolaris leaf blight (Bipolarissorokiniana) and increasing grain yield of wheat.Water extracts of neem (Azadirachtaindica), ‘allamanda’(Allamanda cathartica) and ‘mehedi’(Lawsonia alba) leaves, ‘bishkatali’ (Polygonum hydropiper) shoot, ‘garlic’(Allium sativum) clove, onion (Allium cepa) bulb, black cumin (Nigella sativa) seed, and ginger (Zingiber officinalis) rhizome were prepared at a concentration of 1:2 followed the procedures of Hossainet al., 2005. One hundred grams of a material was blended with 200 ml of distilled sterilized water in blender.Seeds of wheat CV Kanchan were collected from a farmer of Bogra district. The seeds were treated with individual plant extracts. For seed treatment, individual plant extracts was poured into a petri dish and 400 seeds were dipped in the extract for 30 minutes maintaining three replication. Four hundred seeds were treated with plain water which served as control. The treated seeds were plated on moist and sterilized filter paper in petri dish and incubated at 25 ± 1^oc for 7 days. Data on germination and incidence of seed-borne B. sorokiniana were recorded.Treated seeds were sown and Seeds were treated with botanical extracts following the method described above. Seeds were also treated with a seed treating fungicide Vitavax-200 (0.3%) for comparison. Seeds were placed continuously in lines at the depth of 5cm and covered by soil with the help of hand. The distance between lines was 20 cm in every plot. The field experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications.

The field was prepared properly and divided into three blocks with 10 unit plots in each. Each unit plot size was 2m X 1m. Block to block and plot to plot distances were 1m. Recommended doses of fertilizers and manures were applied. The rate of the fertilizer and manures were urea 220 kg /ha, TSP 180 kg /ha, MP 50 kg /ha, gypsum 120 kg /ha and cowdung 10 t/ha. One third of urea, total amount of TSP, MP and gypsum were applied at the time of final land preparation. Cow dung was applied two weeks before sowing during the land preparation. Remaining two- third of urea was applied as splits after 3 and 7 weeks of sowing. Irrigation and other intercultural operations were done whenever necessary.

The average BpLB severity of flag leaf, penultimate leaf (2^nd leaf from top) and 3^rd leaf from top of the plant was indexed on a 0-5 indexing scale (Hossain and Azad, 1992) from 25 selected plants per plot (five plants per line) at hard dough stage.

The crop was harvested at full ripening stage and data on grain yield was recorded. The % disease grain per panicle was recorded. The collected data were analyzed statistically using MSTAT-C computer program. The means were compared by Least Significance Difference (LSD).

Source of Information: Journal of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural Univesity, Vol.1, No. 1, July 2007,pp 57-62

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Achievement/Findings:

Findings of the study showed all the plant extracts except mehedi increased seed germination on blotter. A remarkable reduction in incidence of seed borne Bipolaris sorokiniana was achieved with the botanicals. The disease severity was the lowest under Vitavax-200, followed by bishkatali and garlic extract. The highest disease severity was recorded under control. The increasd grain yield over control was achieved with extracts of onion, garlic, black cumin, ginger, bishkatali and neem. The efficacy of plant extracts to decrease disease severity and to increase grain yield was more or less similar to that of Vitavax -200.

Knowledge Management: Journal