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A Study of Phospects of Wind Resources for Water Pumping and Electircity Generation in Bangladesh.

Sultan Ahmmed
Farm Machinery and Post-Harvest Process Engineering Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

M. Quamrul Islam
Mechanical Engineering Department, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka

A, K. M. Sadrul Islam
Mechanical Engineering Department, Bangladcsh University of Engineering and Technology, Dhaka

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Proper assessment of a wind resource is a prerequisite for its successful utilization through appropriate wind energy conversion system (WECS). In this paper, the wind data for 16 years (1981-1996) from meteorological department have been studied for 20 different locations. Wind energy estimation depend On the location of the measuring instrument and the wind data obtained from the meteorological stations do not, in any case, represent the exact values for the site of a wind turbine. One of the causes of poor condition of meteorological data is that the wind speeds have not been measured at standard height. However, for proper operation of the wind, turbine, hub-height generally ranges from 20 to 40m. The available meteorological data have been corrected for hub-height at 20m by applying power law expression. After height correction, It has been observed that there is 3 great potential for harnessing Wind power for water pumping and for electricity generation in some regions like Patenga, Thakurgaon, Jessore, Khepupara etc. of Bangladesh.

Keywords: Water Pumpoing, Electricity Generation, Wind resources, Wind energy, Conversion system

Location: Patenga, Thakurgaon, Jessore, Khepupara etc. of Bangladesh.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Farm Mechanization

Non-commodity: Adoption of technology

Objectives:

To investigate the application of wind energy for water pumping and for electricity generation in different regions of Bangladesh

Methodology:

The meteorological department of Bangladesh collects 3-hourly wind speed data with the help of vertical axis cup type anemometers. These wind data for the period 1981-1996 of 20 stations were taken and monthly average speeds were computed for all the 20 stations. The wind speeds at different sites are very low except Patenga, which are not feasible for electricity generation and water pumping. The causes of poor conditions of the meteorological data are: 1. Most of the meteorological stations are situated in the places of roughness class 3. So the wind after loosing 70% energy is measured by the meteorological stations and for this reasons meteorological stations show poor wind speeds. The wind generators are normally installed near the coastal areas where higher velocities are exists. 2. Few meteorological stations are located several kilometers away from their respective sea coast and the anemometers do not face the winds coming from the sea directly. So in the areas, directly open to the sea, wind speed will be higher than those in the present locations. Experiments carried out by the International Energy Agency (lEA) and the European Community (EC) countries show that this increase in wind speed may range from 5-100 %. 3. Some of the meteorological stations are surrounded by trees, buildings, hills and hillocks etc. As the wind coming from the coast faces these obstacles, it becomes weaker and this weaker wind is measured by our meteorological stations. 4. Generally, meteorological stations measure winds at heights of 5 to 10m. But the normal hub-heights of modem wind turbines ranges from 20 to 40 meters. So at these heights wind speeds would be better. A thumb rule is that if the height is doubled in the areas of roughness class-3, wind speed is increased by 20% and in the areas of roughness class-o, wind speed increased by 10%. 5. The anemometers of these stations are not calibrated for long times. The meteorological data provide little information about the fluctuation in the speed and direction of the wind, which are also necessary to predict the performance of turbine appropriately. The wind power per unit area of approach is proportional to the cube of wind speed and can be expressed as P/A = 0.6V³(watts), where P/A is in W/n and V is in m/s. The available wind power represents the strength of the wind and strength of theoretically 59% of htis power is extractable but practically only 30-40% can be extracted. Practically, extractable power by any type of windmill can be written approximately as P_e= 0.1 AV³ (watt), where A is the total swept area of the rotor blades and V is wind speed (ms). Extracted power per square meter of swept area for different months for 20 locations in Bangladesh.

Source of Information: International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, December 26-28, 2001, Dhaka, Bangladesh/pp (53-59)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

There is a prospective source of wind energy in many places of Bangladesh. For the purpose of extracting wind energy, proper type of wind turbines may be designed and fabricated. In some regions of Bangladesh. the wind speed is satisfactory for operating pumps and for generation of electricity. The wind turbine may also be useful to drive hand pumps used for irrigating agricultural land.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings