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Induced Mutations in Sugarcane for Tolerance to Red Rot Disease Under Waterlogged Condition.

Dr. M A Samad
Chief Scientific Officer
Plant breeding Division,Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202

K M Shamsuzzaman
PSO
Plant breeding Division,Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202

M A Majid,
PSO
Plant breeding Division,Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202

M M Islam
CSO
Plant breeding Division,Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Four varieties of sugarcane viz., Isd-2/54, Isd-16 Nagarbari and Latarijaba were irradiated eith 20, 40 and 60Gy gamma rays and the M₁V₁ generations were grown during 1991-92. About 10,000 M₁V₃ canes obtained from M₁V₂ generations were planted in low-lying plots for selecting waterlogging resistant lines. The plot was irrigated time to time 6 months after panting and continued until harvest. Irrigation and selections were carried out from M₁V₃ to M₁V₆ generations. Artificial inoculation was done in M₁M₅ and M₁V₆ generations for screening for resistance to red rot under waterlogged condition. A total of five mutants from the M₁V₅ generations viz.; four from Ishurdi and one from Mymensingh were selected on the basis of greenness of the leaves, growth of the canes, number of nodes bearing adventitious roots, brix content, cane yield and disease reactions for growing in M₁V₆ generation. All of the mutants namely, Isd-2/54 +20 Gy, Isd-2/54 + 40 Gy, Isd-10+20 Gy, Isd-16 + 40Gy and Isd-2/54 + 60 Gy, showed moderately resistant to red rot under waterlogged conditions and some of them produced higher cane yield than the parent/ control varieties. The selected mutant lines will be tested in advanced, zonal and farmers’ field trial to fulfill the requirements of National Seed Board.

Keywords: Colletotrichum falcatum, Saccharum officinarum, Brix, Cane yield, Resistance.

Location: BINA Fram, Mymensingh and BINA sub-station, Ishurdi

Start Date: 00-00-1991

End Date: 00-00-1992

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Sugarcane

Objectives:

To induce mutations with resistance to red-rot disease in sugarcane under waterlogged conditions.

Methodology:

Buds of four varieties of sugarcane namely, Isd-2/54, Isd-16, Nagarbari and Latarujaba were irradiated with 20, 40 and 60 Gy gamma rays and M₁V₁ generations were grown at BINA farm, Mymensingh during 1991-92. The M₁V₂ generations were planted in the following year, About 10,000 M₁V₂canes were grown in the low-lying plots for selecting resistant/ tolerant canes under waterlogged condition during 1993-94. The plot was irrigated for six months after planting to harvest to maintain the water level between 30 and 50 cm. The canes remaining green were selected as tolerant to waterlogging. At the M₁V₄ generation stage, 38 waterlogging tolerant selected canes along with non irradiated four control varieties, Isd-2/54, Isd-16, Nagarbari and Latarijaba were grown at two locations (Ishurdi and Mymensingh) for further screening under waterlogged conditions during 1994-95. The selected canes were grown in plant- progeny-rows. At the M₁V₅ generation stage, 9 waterlogging tolerant lines along with four non irradiated controls were grown again at the two places previously named for screening against red rot under waterlogged conditions during 1995-96. A total of 630 canes were artificially inoculated with red rot spores suspension in M₁V₅ generation. At the M₁V₆ generation stage, five selected mutants were grown in replicated trials at Ishurdi during 1996-97. Only two canes from central portion of each hill, a total numbering 2,954 canes were artificially inoculated with red rot spores suspension. Inoculations were carried out on 8-9 month old canes using spores isolated from 10-15 day old cultures of Colletotrichum falcatum grown on Potato Dextrose Agar (Hutchinson, 1978). The inoculum consisted of 10” spores/ml of water. An amount of 0.2 ml of spore suspension was injected into each cane. The canes were split open two months after inoculation and scored using a disease severity index (0-9) developed by the All India Coordinated Research Program for red rot of sugarcane (Alexander, 1990). Selection was made on the basis of disease severity. Canes showing disease severity indices of 0.0 to 2.0, 2.1 to 4.0, 4.1-6.0,6.1 to 8 and above 8.0 were found as resistant (R), moderately resistant (MR), moderately susceptible (MS), susceptible ( S) and highly susceptible (HS) respectively. Data on the number of tillers/ hill, cane height, diameter of cane, number of nodes bearing adventitious roots, brix content, came yield and disease reactions were recorded.

Source of Information: Thai J. Agric. Sci. 35 (2): 195-200, 2002

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The five mutants Isd-2/54 +20 Gy, Isd-2/54 + 40 Gy, Isd-10+20 Gy, Isd-16 + 40Gy and Isd-2/54 + 60 Gy showed moderately resistant to red rot under waterlogged conditions and some of them produced higher cane yield than the parent/ control varieties.

Knowledge Management: Journal