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Karyomorphological Studies in the Cultivated Jute (corchorus) Species and Their F1 Hybrid.

Dr. M A Samad
Chief Scientific Officer
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202

G KABIR
Professor
Departmant of Botany, Rajshahi University, Bangladesh

M M Haque
Professor
Department of Botany, Dhaka University, Bangladesh

A S Islam
Professor
Department of Botany, Dhaka University, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Karyotype analysis of two cultivated Corchorus species (C. olitorius var. 0-4 and C. capsularis var. D-154) and their F₁ hybrid showed that the F₁ hybrid was successful. The following features are the positive indications. In the F₁, two pairs of chromosomes belonged to short group-a characteristic feature of the female parent, not found in the male parent. In addition to this, while var. 0-4 and D-154 showed 4 and 2 median chromosomes, respectively, there were 5 median chromosomes. The number of sub-median chromosomes in the female and male parents were 2 and 3, respectively, whereas in the F₁ the number was only one. As regards sub-terminal chromosomes the male and the female parent had 2 and I chromosomes, respectively, compared to only I in the F₁ hybrid.

Keywords: Karyotype. Hybrid. Jute chromosomes

Location: Cytology labrotory, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Start Date: 01-01-1990

End Date: 31-12-1991

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Jute

Objectives:

TO STUDY KARYOMORPHOLOGICAL STUDIES IN THE CULTIVATED JUTE (CORCHORUS) SPECIES AND THEIR F1 HYBRID.

Methodology:

Fresh and dry seeds of Corchorus olitorius (var. 0-4). C. capsularis (var. D-154) and their F₁ hybrid were procured from the Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh and were used as plant materials in the present study. For karyotype analysis 1-1.5 cm long root tips of C. olitorius (var. 0-4), C. capsularis ( var. D-154) and their F₁ hybrid were pretreated with saturated solution of Para dichlorobenzene (PDB). In PDB pretreated root tips metaphase chromosomes were found well separated from one another in both the parents and their hybrid progeny. The root tips were stained by Haematoxylin method (22). The chromosomes were classified according to the position of the Centro mere and their arm ratios (short/long arm). The suggestion put forward (23) was followed in the classification of the Jute chromosomes. The chromosomes having the arm length ratio less than 0.50 µm were placed in the sub-terminal (st), the arm length ratio between 0.51 and 0.75 µm into the sub-median (sm) and those having the arm length ratio above 0.75 um into median group. Depending upon the range and general average of chromatin length per chromosome, they were grouped as (i) Long (L) whose chromatin length was above 3.0 um (ii) Median (M) whose chromatin length was between 2.55 and 2.99 µm, (iii) Relatively short (S₁) whose chromatin length ranged between 1.50 and 2.24 µm and (iv) Short (S₂) whose chromatin length ranged below 2.24 µm. Based on chromosome length and position of Centro mere, the karyotypic formula was derived for both the Corchorus species and their F₁ hybrid.

Source of Information: Journal, Dhaka Unlv. J. Biol. Set. (2(1): 15-20, 1993 (January)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

As regards sub-terminal chromosomes the male and the female parent had 2 and I chromosomes, respectively, compared to only I in the F₁ hybrid.

Knowledge Management: Journal