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Effect of Feed Deprivation on Growth and Survival of Freshwater Prawn, Macrobrachium Rossenbergii and an Indian Major Carp Catla, Catla Catla in a Polyculture System

M. O. Ali
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M. K. Sarker
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

N. S. Lucky
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

L. Hussain
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M. A. R. Hossain
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A four month long experiment was conducted during the month of July to October 2003 to observe the effect of different period of starvation and subsequent refeeding on growth, survival, daily food demand etc. of Prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) and Catla (Calla calla). Fish and Prawn maintained in three treatments were either: fed to satiation twice a day (Control-A), fed every alternate day (1: 1-B) and starved two days followed by a spell of two days feeding (2:2-C) at a stocking density 100 per decimal for Prawn and 12 Catla per decimal at 28± 1.54°C. The average initial weight and length of Prawn were 2.7 g and 5.2 cm respectively. The average initial weight and length of Catla were 163.3 g and 21.2 cm respectively. The length and weight of Prawn at harvest in Treatment-A (Control) and Treatment-B (I: I) were not significantly different. Length and weight of Prawn at Treatment-C (2:2) was however, much lower than that of Treatment-B and Treatment-c. The length and weight of Catla in three Treatments were not significantly different and followed almost the same trend. The survival of Prawn at Treatment-A was 90%. In Treatment-B and Treatment-C, survival of Prawn was however little lower (82% and 78%). The survival of Catla was 100% in all the Treatments. The result is clearly shown that growth compensation, everyday feeding and alternate day feeding was same growth of Prawn. However, growth in Treatment-C (2:2) could not compensate their growth and average weight at final harvest was much lower than other two Treatments. It is evident that, prawn can be cultured at alternate day feeding protocol and feed cost can be substantially reduced.

Keywords: Compensatory growth, Starvation, Prawn, Catla

Location: Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

Start Date: 00-07-2003

End Date: 00-10-2003

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Fish

Objectives:

To reduce the food cost in polyculture of prawn and catla,

To obtain the same or better result using less feed,

To improve management of personal time,

To maintain water quality in a better way.

Methodology:

Six equal size pond in the field laboratory of the faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agril. University, Mymensingh. Fingerling and post larvae (PL) collection Fingerlings of Catla and PL of M. rosenbergii were purchased from Jhalak hatchery in Gouripur, Mymensingh. For the proposed project, good quality fingerlings and PL were bought and transported in oxygenated polythene bag to the field lab of faculty of Fisheries. 100 PL and 12 catla per decimal were stocked in six 1.5 decimal ponds.The prawn and fish were hand fed twice a day for two weeks and the experiment was started when all individuals were accustomed to the feeding regime and were feeding well. On each feeding day, the fish and prawn were hand- fed at 0900 and 1700 h until they no longer accepted feed (each feeding lasted for about half an hour). Overfeeding ensured sufficient feed for all and avoided the establishment of feeding hierarchies, which could have negative effect on growth. SABINCO feed was used to feed the both the prawn and fish.The experiment commenced with the establishment of groups of fish held according to the following feeding regime. 1. Treatment A : No deprivation. Hand fed to satiation twice per day. 2. Treatment B: I day deprivation, 1 day feeding (1:1) . 3. Treatment C: 2 days deprivation, followed by 2 days feeding (2:2). Three same size ponds were used under each treatment. Two ponds were used for each treatment under a species combination. Samples of fish and prawn (n= 10) were taken for analysis at the start of the experiment and length and weight measured. The same procedure followed at 15 days interval for 4 months of harvesting period. The growth (weight and total length) and survival offish and prawn was evaluated at regular interval up to the end of the experiment. Ninety-five percent confidence limits (CL) was calculated as, CL = X ± t_o _05(n-1) (S/√n), where X = mean,t_o _05(n-1) = value from a two- tailed t table where 0.05 is the proportion expressing confidence, n-I = degree of freedom and S = standard deviation. Proportions was arcsine transformed prior to analysis. To assess normality of distributions a Kolmogorov- Smirnov test was used and homogeneity of variance was tested using Bartlett's test. One way ANOVAs was used to test the effect of feeding schedule on growth and survival. Differences was regarded significant when p<0.05.

Source of Information: Progress. Agrie. 14(1 & 2) : 103-108,2003, ISSN 1017-8139

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It is clearly shown that, the polyculture of prawn and catla is feasible. and in this type of culture, if catla is released to a low density, it does not need any extra feed. Regarding growth compensation, every day feeding and alternate day feeding resulted same growth of prawn. However, growth in T₃ where prawn were fed at every 2 -day interval could not compensate their growth and average weight at final harvest was much lower than other two treatments. It is therefore, evident that, prawn can be cultured at alternate day feeding protocol and feed cost can be substantially reduced. This is, however, need more research using prawn of different size and age and with the different combination of catla and other Indian major carp like rui and mrigal.

Knowledge Management: Journal