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Effect of Stocking Density and Species Combinationon Fish Production in Ponds

M. S. Rahman
Professor
Dept. of Fisheries Management, BAU, Mymensingh.

M. A. Rahman
Aquaculture Officer
MAEP, Mymensingh.

M. A. Rahman
Scientific Officer
BFRI, Mymensingh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Growth and production performance of several exotic fishes were assessed in relation to stocking density and species combination in the seasonal fish ponds in three Thanas of Mymensingh district. Fifteen seasonal ponds ranging in areas from 0.032 to 0.049 hectare having depths of 1.07-1.91 m were selected for this experiment. Three stocking models were tested, each model were replicated five times. All the experimental ponds were stocked with five species of fish at a stocking of density of 17784 fishes/ha (model-I) and 14326 fishes/ha (models-II & III). Both organic and inorganic fertilizers were applied for natural food production and rice bran was used to feed the fishes at the rate of 4-5% of their body weight and in addition duck weed, soft grass and banana leaves were supplied for grass carp and sarputi. It was found that model-Ill gave better results in terms of fish yield (2.825 mt/ha/6m), gross return (Taka 83750/ha/6m) and net return (Taka 47722/ha/6m) followed by Model-l which gave yield of 2.407 ton/ha/6 months, gross return of Taka 722 ton/ha/6m) and net return of Taka 35608/ha/6 months. Model-Il gave yield of 2.391 ton/ha/6 months, gross return of Taka 71730/ha/6 months and net return of Taka 35304/ha/6 months. Total yield and gross return of model-Ill was 17% and 18% higher than those of models-I and II, respectively.

Keywords: Seasonal ponds, Stocking density, Species combination, Fish production

Location: Nandail, Fulpur and Gauripur under Mymensingh district.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Fish

Objectives:

To determine the effects of stocking density and species combination on fish fish yields, gross and net return of fish production under the different culture models.

Methodology:

The present study was conducted in farmer's ponds under semi-intensive rearing system. Fifteen seasonal flood free ponds were selected for the study in three than as Nandail, Fulpur and Gauripur under Mymensingh district. Exotic species of fish such as, Silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), Common carp (Cyprinus carpio), Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and Silver barb (Barbodes gontonotus) were stocked in the pond. Only those ponds with good dikes were selected to avoid flooding problem. The ponds were within the range of 0.032 - 0.049 hectare receiving sufficient sunlight and retaining water more than 60 cm for at least 6 months. The depth of the ponds varied from 1.07 m to 1.91 m. The ponds were limed at the rate of 1.0 kg/decimal (247 kg/ha). One week after liming the ponds were fertilized with urea and triple super phosphate (TSP) at the rate of 60 g and 90 g per decimal (I 5 kg/ha and 22.5 kg/ha). respectively to encourage the growth of plankton. Each of the pond was equipped with one feeding ring and one compost crib. The compost crib was supplied with 88% chopped green grass, 10% cow dung, 1 % urea and 1 % lime. The ponds were regularly fertilized with urea and TSP at 15 kg and 22.5 kg/ha at 10-15 days intervals. Locally available rice bran was supplied to the fish at the rate of 4-5% of the body weight. Duck weed, soft green grass and banana leaves were supplied to the feeding rings as additional food for the grass carp and Thai sarputi. Three months after stocking the fishes were partially harvested when they grew to 300- 400 g. Ponds were stocked immediately after each harvesting at the rate of 125% of harvested fish. The weight of the fishes were recorded at the time of harvest. Average daily gain (ADG), survivability and growth response of fishes were calculated following the conventional methods. Benefit cost ratio was also determined.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Train. and Dev., Vol. 11 No.1 & 2, 1998 : 191-197, ISSN: 1013-0306.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The stocking densitv and species combination had significant effects on fish production in the present study. Fishes stocked at various densities gave different rate of growth in the experimental ponds: silver carp showed the best individual growth rate at higher stocking density (17786 fishes/ha) in model-I where mirror carp, sarputi and tilapia were raised together. Lowest growth rate of silver carp was noted in model-Ill at a much lower stocking density of 14326 fishes/ha with the species combination of silver carp, mirror carp, grass carp and tilapia. Grass carp showed higher growth rate in model-Ill which was followed by Model-l. Tilapia showed higher growth rate at higher density in model-I which was followed by model-Ill at lower density. Statistically the variations of total fish yield and net income between different thanas were not significant but the same of the different ponds within the thanas i.c. within the models were significant (p<.05). The economic analysis of fish production showed that there was no remarkable variations in gross return, net return and cost benefit ratio between three culture models. The production cost for all the culture models were similar. Model-Ill showed higher (2.06) benefit cost ratio but not remarkably different from the other two. Therefore, considering all these facts, the present experiment did not show the best economic performance in terms of production economics because of the limitation in design, high mortality rate and high production cost.

Knowledge Management: Journal