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Effect of Feeding Frequency on the Growth of Common Carp (cyprinus Carpio L.) Fry

S. M. Sultana
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh

M. Das
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh

S. C. Chakraborty
Department of Fisheries Technology, BAU, Mymensingh, 2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A laboratory-feeding trail was conducted for 45 days with fry of common carp Cyprinus carpio L. (0.45±0.03g) in aquaria in a static indoor fish rearing system. The fry were fed on a pelleted diet containing 33% crude protein having fishmeal as major protein source. The fish fry in five treatments A, B, C, D, and E, each with two replicates were fed on 5% daily ration divided into different feeding frequencies of 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 times a day respectively in order to observe the growth performance. Each replicate contained 15 fry having total initial weight of 6.87±0.31g. At the end of the feeding trial, significantly different and higher (p<0.05) growth response was observed in treatment C having a feeding frequencies of 4 times a day. Significantly the highest and the lowest percent growth of 334.30 and 218.91% were observed in fish fed on the diet (Treatment C) with 4 times and (Treatment A) 2 times feeding frequencies per day, respectively. Food conversion ratio (FCR) of 1.78 was significantly higher (p<0.05) in fish fed on the diet having 2 times feeding frequencies whereas, the least value of 1.22 was obtained in fish fed on the diet with 4 times daily feeding. Protein efficiency ratio (PER) ranged from 1.68 in fish in treatment A having a feeding frequencies of 2 times per day to 2.48 in fish in treatment C fed on the diet with 4 times feeding frequencies. Other growth parameters viz, specific growth rate (SGR), apparent protein digestibility (ADP) were also higher in treatment C than the other treatments. The results of the present study demonstrated that the growth performance of C. carpio was the best at 4 times feeding in a day using 33% dietary protein containing fish meal as major protein source.

Keywords: Feeding frequency, Cyprinus carpio, Fry

Location: Department of Fisheries Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University.

Start Date: 00-04-1999

End Date: 00-06-1999

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Carp fish

Objectives:

To study the growth response of the fish fed on a formulated standard diet at different feeding frequencies.

Methodology:

The feeding trial of common carp fry (Cyprinus carpio, 0.45±0.03g) was carried out for a period of 45 days during the months of April to June'99 in glass aquaria of a static indoor fish rearing system in the laboratory of the Department of Fisheries Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Fry of common carp (C. carpio) were collected from a private farm of Digharkanda, Mymensingh. They were transferred in a plastic stocking tank of 250L capacity and were given a prophylactic treatment with 0.5% NaCl dip for 20 minutes. Then they were bathed in 0.5 ppm methylene blue solution for 24 hours followed by an acclimatization with the experimental condition for 15 days in three aquaria with adequate aeration. During acclimatization the fish were fed pelleted diet containing 33% crude protein at a ration of 5% body weight. For the feeding trial ten rectangular glass aquaria ( 45cmx25cmx25cm) were used. About two-third of each of the aquarium was filled with tap water for the experiment and provided with artificial aeration using aquarium air pump (Daivo NS 4200). A natural photoperiod of day and night was maintained throughout the experiment. The ambient water temperature ranged between 27 and 32°C during the experimental period. Before formulating the diet, the dietary ingredients were subjected to proximate analysis. The experimental diet contained fishmeal as major source of dietary protein together with other ingredients as wheat flour, carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC), tasting salt (monosodium glutamate, MSG), vit. premix (Rhone-Poulence, Bangladesh), chromic oxide, cx:-cellulose and soybean oil. All these ingredients were mixed at required amount so that the final diet contained 33% crude protein. The feeding trial was conducted in five treatments named A, B, C, D and E each with two replicates. In each of the replicates, 15 fish were used. The fry in each replicate were fed at 5% ration level daily divided into different feeding frequencies of 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 times respectively. Feeding was started at 9.00 am until 5.30 pm as per feeding frequencies. An adequate level of oxygen in each aquarium was ensured through artificial aeration by using aquarium air pump. Everyday in the morning before feeding started, about one-third water of aquaria was replaced by new water to keep the water quality as good as possible. Close observation was made during feeding so that no pelleted diet left uneaten in the aquaria. Siphoning method was followed to remove uneaten food (if any) and faeces from each aquarium. The total amount of feed fed wasrecorded for each treatment in order to subsequent calculation of SGR, FCR, PER, and APD. Faeces were collected during the last week of the experimental period for analysis of protein digestibility of feed. Faeces from each aquarium were removed carefully by siphoning about 30 minutes after last feeding. These were collected separately from each replicate of all treatments and pooled together according to replicate and dried in oven at 70°C and then kept in airtight vials for subsequent chemical analysis. Chromic oxide in the diet and faeces was determined by using wet digestion technique. Percent APD of the experimental diet was calculated. For growth data all experimental fish in each replicate of different treatments was individually weighed at every 15th days which was also used for adjusting ration. Fish were weighed up to the nearest 0.01 g on a precise electronic balance. At the beginning of the experiment, 60 fish from the stocking tank was randomly collected, sacrificed, weighed and dried in oven for analyzing proximate composition as initial carcass composition of fish. At the end of the experiment, all fish of each of the replicates of treatments was weighed, sacrificed and dried in oven at 100°C for subsequent analysis for proximate composition and other growth parameters. The proximate composition of dietary ingredients, diets, faeces and fish samples were analyzed. Data collected during growth trials and subsequent analysis of diets, faeces and carcass composition were used to determine growth parameters. One factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to observe the effect of feeding frequency on the growth of fish in different treatments. For this purpose the percent data were converted to arcsine and then applied for analysis. This was followed by Tukey's multiple range test to analyze any significant difference between treatment means at 5% level of significance.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Fish. Res., 5(2), 2001: 149-154

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The growth performance of C. carpio was the best at 4 times feeding in a day using 33% dietary protein containing fish meal as major protein source.

Knowledge Management: Journal