Agricultural Research Management Information System

Home
Research Summary
Search
About Us
- ARMIS
- Brochure
Contact Us
Report
User Request
Data Input
Help
- Operation Manual
  - PDF
  - Video
- Program Area & Commodity
We have reached 37600 number of research entries at this moment.

- Logout

Research Detail

Home
Research
Detail

Extraction and Characteristics Analysis of Jatropha (jatropha Curcas)

N. Iqbal
Department of Agro-processing, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

M.Ahiduzzaman
Department of Agro-processing, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

M.H. Rahman
Department of Agro-processing, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

J.C. Onik
Department of Agro-processing, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

S.M.Y. Ali
Department of Agriculture Extension, Ministry of Agriculture, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The world is getting modernized and industrialized by the day. Energy plays the key role for this socio-ecomonic development. But the extensive use of fossil energy sources are making the earth unstable and the resources are limited and decreasing gradually. This situation leads to seek an alternative source of fuel for a sustainable development. Biodiesel could be an alternative source of fuel. Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) seedis known well as a source biodiesel. However, the production of seed has limited it use in practical. High yielding variety of jatropha could make attention for biodiesel widely. Different variety of jatropha plants are grown at research field of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University. This study investigates the extraction and characteristics of Jatropha seed oil collected from the research field of BSMRAU,Gazipur during the period from October 2014 to June 2015 on the basis of some physical and chemical properties. The study was conducted in the laboratory of the Department of Agro processing, BSMRAU. Jatropha seed oil was extracted by chemical extraction method. N-hexane was used as solvent by refluxing in a Soxhlet apparatus. The oil content in seeds of Jatropha was found to be in the rage of 50-60% by weight. Some important properties of extracted oil were analyzed in this study such as moisture content, Calorific value, Acid value, Iodine value, Cetane number and saponification value. The density of oil was measured to be in the range of 0.80-0.90 gm cm^-3. The most important properties of any fuel is the calorific value. The calorific value of extracted oil was found to be 40±0.5 which is quite higher in the comparison with fossil fuel. Some other properties like iodine value was found to be in the range of 90-120 mg/gm, acid value was found to be in the range of 0.8-2.0 mg NaOH /gm, saponification value was found to be in the range of 170-190 mg KOH/gm oil and Cetane number was in the range of 48.07 to 56.75.The average cetane number was found to be 52 which indicated good combustion properties of fuel and it can be used in high speed diesel engine. This study gives basic information of relevance for biodiesel production using Jatropha seeds from various genotypes of BSMRAU.

Keywords: Jatropha, Extraction, Seed oil.

Location: Department of Agro-processing, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-10-2014

End Date: 00-06-2015

Program Area: Postharvest and Agro-processing

Non-commodity: Performance

Objectives:

To extract oil from different genotypes of Jatropha seed grown in BSMRAU farm.
To analyze the characteristics of extracted Jatropha oil as a source of green energy

Methodology:

The research work was conducted at the laboratory of the Department of Agro-processing, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur during the period from October 2014 to June 2015. The laboratory was used to store the harvested fruits for further study. The laboratory of Agro processing department was used for extraction oil and further relevant physical and chemical analysis. The Jatropha seeds were harvested from the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur. Samples were collected from 25 different trees. The fruits were fully ripened. Some of the fruits were dried also. Fruits were harvested early in morning. Then they were placed to particular boxes according to different trees with a unique code number. A blank thimble filter (22x90 mm) and a blank round bottom extraction flask were weighed before and after placing the sample into thimble. The sample and the cotton was placed into the thimble and its weight along with sample was recorded again. The purpose of using cotton was to ensure the presence of samples inside the thimble during the experiment. The Soxhlet extraction processes using n-hexane (99% assay) as extraction solvents. 350 mL of solvent was poured into the round bottom extraction flask, weighed and placed on the heating mantle. After this, the thimble containing the sample was placed into the extraction chamber. Lastly, the condenser was placed on top of the extraction flask and all these parts were fixed vertically. The extraction was carried out for seven hours. When oil extraction was completed then the seed sample was removed. The fat and hexane mixture solution were heated in the soxhlet at a temperature 100-110^oC. Hexane is a volatile compound and it became vapored after heating for 30-35 minutes. The vapored hexane condensed at the condenser and gathered in the syphon. When from the side eye view, it was understood that it was mostly free of hexane then it was transferred to a glass container from round bottom flask which was measured previously. Then it was transferred to oven to make it properly hexane free. The glass container was heated at 90⁰C for 3 hours. After three hours, it was collected, labeled and stored for further experiment. Seed moisture content, Thousand Seed weight, Oil percentage, Density, Oil moisture content, Saponification number was determined using standerd methods. Calorific value, Acid value, Free Fatty Acids (FFA), Cetane number was also determin.

Source of Information: International Journal of Business, Social and Scientific Research, ISSN: 2309 - 7892, Volume: 4, Issue: 1, Page: 06-12, October-December 2015, ISSN: 2309-7892, http://www.ijbssr.com/currentissueview/14013120

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The jatropha seed was collected from twenty five different varieties of plant grown in farm of BSMRAU. The seed was separated and de-husked for each samples. The ground kernel was used to extract the oil. Highest oil content was found to be 62.22% in the sample no 18(30.ACC12890054). The average value of oil percentage was found to be 52.90%. The densities of the oil did not vary significantly and they ranged from 0.828 to 0.952 gram per cm^-3. The average density was found to be 0.903 gram per cm^-3. The average value of moisture content in oil was found to be 0.10% which is very low and indicated good quality of oil. Calorific value is an important parameter of any fuel. The calorific values ranged from 39.59 to 40.42 MJ/kg. The average value was found to be 40.21 MJ/kg which is quite higher in the comparison with fossil fuel. Iodine value of the oil samples ranged from 89.53 to 121.28mg/g oil. On the other hand, the acid value ranged from 0.784 to 2.52 mg NaOH/g oil.Cetane value is another important characteristic for any fuel used in engine. The cetane number of jatropha oil ranged from 48.07 to 56.75. The aveage cetane number was found to be 52 which indicated good combustion properties of fuel and it can be used in high speed diesel engine.On the basis of my physiochemical evaluation of Jatropha seed oil, which includes oil yield, density, moisture content of oil, calorific value, acid value, free fatty acid, iodine value, saponification value and cetane number, it can be concluded that, oil from each sample has its own special characteristics. The oils with good physiochemical properties will have potential to be biodiesel feedstock. Information obtained in this study will be helpful in selecting good biodiesel feed stock and identifying and developing good verities of Jatropha curcas.

Knowledge Management: Journal