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Biochemical Compositions of Newly Introduced Maize (zea Mays L.) Varieties

A. Hossain
Department of Biochemistry, SAU, Dhaka-1207.

M. Shahjahan
postharvest Technology Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

K.U. Ahmed
Department of Biochemistry, SAU, Dhaka-1207.

M.G.F. Chowdhury
postharvest Technology Division, BARI, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

M.M. Nuruddin
Department of Biochemistry, SAU, Dhaka-1207.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was carried out during the period from June 2006 to March 2007 in the laboratory of Post Harvest Technology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur and Biochemistry laboratory of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka. Twelve varieties of maize seeds were evaluated for their nutrition contents. The analysis represent that Pacific 983 showed the significantly highest thousand grain weight (363.1 g) with the lowest amount of carbohydrate (58.86%) among the selected varieties. Pacific 60 showed the significantly lowest amount of moisture (7.12%) and ash (1.0%). BARI Hybrid Maize 2 showed the significantly highest amount of protein (13.54%) and its in vitro digestibility was 87.20%, fibre (1.53%), starch (58.49%) and oil (2.86%) among the varieties. BARI maize 7 showed significantly the highest amount of carbohydrate (66.99%) which was followed by BARI Hybrid Maize 2 (66.63%) but it showed the lowest amount of oil (2.10%). Among the varieties, BARI Hybrid Maize 3 contained the lowest amount of starch (47.43%). Hybrid Maize 3 and Khoibhutta showed the significantly highest amount of total sugar (10.96%) and reducing sugar (1.29%) respectively on the other hand khoibhutta and Bornali contained the lowest amount of protein (10.20%) and BARI Maize 5 showed the lowest digestibility(6l.72 %).

Keywords: BiochemicaL composition, ln vitro protein digestibility, Zea mays

Location: Post Harvest Technology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur and Biochemistry laboratory of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka.

Start Date: 00-06-2006

End Date: 00-03-2007

Program Area: Quality and Nutrition

Commodity: Maize

Objectives:

To investigate the various biochemical composition of different varieties of maize.

Methodology:

Storage seeds of twelve maize varieties (Zea mays) namely Barnali, Shuvra, Khoibhutta, Mohar, BARI Maize 5, BAR! Maize 6, BARI Maize 7, BARI Hybrid Maize 2, BARI Hybrid Maize 3 and Pacific II, Pacific 60, Pacific 983 were selected for the study. The studies on different parameters- seed weight, moisture, ash, fibre were carried out in triplicate. Moisture content of maize flour sample was determined by drying in an oven at 100°C for overnight. Ash was determined at 600°C to burn off all organic material. Crude fiber was determined according to the AOAC methods. The crude fiber method essentially determines the cellulose and lignin content. The total sugar and starch content in maize were determined colorimetrically based on the method. The reducing sugar content was determined by dinitrosalicyclic acid method as described. Fat was analysed by Soxhlet Extraction method as described in AOAC. The protein content of food stuff is obtained by estimating the nitrogen content of the material and multiplying the nitrogen value by 6.25 (according to the fact that nitrogen constitutes on average 16% of a protein molecule). The estimation of nitrogen is done by Kjeldhal method. The digestibility of cereal protein was determined. In this method protein is digested by pepsin, followed by pancreatin.

Source of Information: Journal of Science Technology (Dinajpur) Vol. 8: 177-182 (2010), ISSN 1994-0386

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From this initial scale research we can concluded that among the selected varieties BARI hybrid maize 2 and BARI Maize 7 might be considered as an alternative of wheat and rice as the source of carbohydrate and protein, which might help to reduce the increasing demand of rice and wheat. We should encourage the farmer's for cultivation of BARI hybrid maize 2 and BARI maize 7 instead of wheat.

Knowledge Management: Journal