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Detection of Plant Viruses in Some Ornamental Plants That Act as Alternate Hosts

M. R. Ara
Bangladesh Agricultural Development Corporation, Dhaka, Bangladesh

M. M. H. Masud
Gouripur Munshi Fazlur Rahman Govt. College, Doudkandi, Comilla, Bangladesh

A. M. Akanda
Dept. of Plant Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujbur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur- 1706, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was conducted at the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Salna, Gazipur to detect virus infecting ornamental plants. Enzyme-linked Immunosorbant Assay (ELISA) and symptomalogy were used for detection. Five viruses namely TPVV (Tomato Purple Vein Virus), CMV-Y (Cucumber Mosaic Virus-Y), OYVCMV (Okra Yellow Vein clearing Mosaic Virus), MYMV (Mung bean Yellow Mosaic Virus), TYLCV (Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus) were detected on Tagetes erecta (Marigold), Salvia splendens (Salvia), Dahlia hybrida (Dahlia), Helichrysum bracteatum (Straw flower), Impatiens balsamina (Garden balsam). CMV-Y caused mosaic of Dahlia and Leaf Curl of Marigold. MYMV caused Yellow Mosaic of Dahlia hybrid, while TYLCV caused mosaic of Helichrysum bracteatum. OYVCMV produced leaf chlorosis on Salvia splendens, and chlorotic spots on Impatiens balsamina. TPVV caused purple leaf on Tagetes erecta.

Keywords: Virus, Ornamental plants, Alternate hosts

Location: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Salna, Gazipur.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Virus

Objectives:

i) To collect the ornamentals showing virus disease like symptoms under natural conditions at BSMRAU campus.

ii) To identify the viruses from the collected samples of ornamentals.

Methodology:

The survey was conducted in the Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Salna, Gazipur. The ornamentals plants showing typical virus disease like symptoms were collected. The well-expanded leaves with distinct symptoms were considered. The samples were taken into polythene bags for each sample. The numbers of infected plants or leaves were counted, the symptoms were noted and the photographs were taken. The investigation was continued for two weeks.Indicator host/test plants were grown in an insect proof net house. The seeds were sown in the plastic tray contained sterilized soils. After germination, the seedlings were transferred to the pots and each pot contained one seedling for each plant species. The plants were maintained with proper irrigation and intercultural management. The inocula were prepared from the samples and were inoculated into the host and indicator plants. The leaf sample was macerated using buffer in a mortar and pestle. Four different buffers such as 0.02M sodium phosphate pH 7.1, 0.2M sodium phosphate buffers pH 7.1, 0.02M potassium phosphate buffers pH 7.1 and 0.2M potassium phosphate buffers pH 7.1 were used separately for each of the samples. The carborandum powder (600 mesh) was dusted on the surface before inoculation. There were 4 replications for each sample. The inoculated plants were observed up to six weeks of inoculation. The expanded cotyledons were used to inoculate in case of Cucurbetaceous plants. The first leaf was inoculated in leguminous plants. Indirect ELISA as described was employed for detecting the virus infection in some samples. The leaf sample of the ornamental hosts was macerated with 0.5 M carbonate buffer pH 9.6 of 10X dilution and the well of micro-titer plate (NuNC) was coated with the extracted sap at the rate of 200 ji I/ well. The plate was incubated overnight at 4 °C and washed with washing buffer. After washing, 200 ji I /well skim milk was used and incubated at 37 °C for one-hour. The diluted antiserum of CMVY at the rate of 200 ji I/well was added and the plate was incubated for 37 °C for 3 hours. After washing, the diluted conjugate was poured into the micro-titer plate well following three hours of incubation at 37 °C. After incubation the plate was thoroughly washed using washing buffer and then substrate (Pnitrophenyl phosphate disodium salt) was added. After addition of substrate the micro titer plate was incubated for 30 minutes at room temperature and subjected to observe yellow color development for the positive reaction. The absorbance value at 405 nm was measured using a Micro Reader, Bio Red-450. Positive reaction indicated the presence of the virus.

Source of Information: The Agriculturists 10(2): 46-54 (2012), ISSN-1729-5211

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The mosaics of dahlia and leaf curl of marigold were caused by Cucumber mosaic virus (CMVY) as detected by inoculation test and I-ELISA test. The other four viruses, such as Mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) for yellow mosaic of Dahlia hybrida, mosaic of Helichrysum bracteatum, leaf chlorosis of Salvia splendens, and purple leaf of Tagetes erecta were identified as possible causal viruses.

Knowledge Management: Journal