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Introducing Tilapia (gift) with Shrimp (penaeus Monodon) in Brackishwater Rice-shrimp System: Impact on Water Quality and Production

M.J. Alam
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Brackishwater Station, Paikgacha, Khulna

M.L. Islam
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Brackishwater Station, Paikgacha, Khulna

T.P. Tuong
Crop, Soil and Water Sciences Division, International Rice research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Mixed rearing of tilapia (GIFT; Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia with shrimp (Penaeus monodon) in brackishwater rice-shrimp system was assessed for its impact on dry season's shrimp production. The experiment was conducted in pre-selected farmer's field located at Paikgacha Upazila of Khulna district and designed with three different densities (treatment) of GIFT, viz, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5/m² with a constant stocking density of shrimp at 3/m². Each treatment had three replications. There had a set of control treatment where GIFT was not stocked. Results of the experiment revealed that tilapia did not exert any significant effect (p>0.05) on the water quality variables, even on survival rate of shrimp (p>0.05) under farm level condition in rice-shrimp rotational system, but a density dependent negative effect (P<0.05) on the growth of shrimp led apparently lower production rate of shrimp. Though tilapia provided the major augment of total production (p<0.05) in the respective treatments than in monoculture of shrimp, but not that of the economic return. However, economic loss due to sudden shrimp crop failure might be partially minimized by the tilapia crop.

Keywords: Tilapia, Shrimp, Concurrent culture, Impacts

Location: Paikgacha Upazila, Khulna district

Start Date: 00-02-2007

End Date: 00-08-2007

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Shrimp, Rice, Tilapia

Objectives:

To observe rearing of tilapia and shrimp in a polyculture system and its effect on the culture environment, growth, survival and production at farm level conditions in the south-west Bangladesh.

Methodology:

With the target of introducing GIFT (Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia) and assessing its impact on growth, survival and production of shrimp (Penaeus monodon) as well as on the culture environment under field condition, an experiment was conducted during February to August, 2007 in 4 shrimp ghers, located at the Folder # 16/1 of Paikgacha, Khulna. Each gher was divided into three plots of almost identical size. The experiment was designed with three different stocking densities (T_l =3000, T₂= 4000 and T₃ 5000 fingerling/ha) of GIFT along with a constant density of shrimp (30,000/ha). Each treatment had three replications. A set of control plots (T₄) was also considered where GIFT was not stocked. The plots were prepared followed by repairing dyke and liming the bottom soil with calcium oxide at a rate of 250 kg/ha. Tidal water was introduced up to a depth of 50 to 60 cm at the end of February. Phostoxin was applied @l tab/20 ton of water to kill the any unwanted animals introduced with tidal water. After three days, fertilizers were applied (Urea: 2.5 ppm, TSP: 3 ppm and MP: 0.6 ppm) and left over for the growth of primary producers. After seven days of fertilization (1^st week of March), hatchery produced post-larvae (ABW, 0.008 g) of Penaeus monodon were stocked in the plots according to the design. GIFT (ABW, 3.37 g) stocking was done after 30 days of shrimp stocking (beginning of April) when shrimp reached in a size of juvenile. All the plots were fertilized with Urea (0.5-1.25 ppm) and TSP (1.0-1.5 ppm) at fortnight intervals for the first 2 months, but Liming was done at a rate of 5-8 ppm with dolomite (Ca Ma (C0₃)₂) for the entire culture period. Shrimp were fed with commercial pellet feed, once a day, with 100%, 60%, 30% and 10% of the estimated shrimp biomass in the 1^st , 2^nd, 3^rdand 4^th week, respectively. However, the supplied feed varied from 2% to 3% of the standing shrimp biomass for the rest of the culture period. During the entire culture period, gher water ecological parameters like, temperature, transparency, water depth, pH, dissolved oxygen, salinity and plankton population was monitored biweekly intervals following the standard methods. After 90 days of rearing selective harvesting of shrimp was started using trap and continued up to 135 days. Harvesting of GIFT was done by dewatering of the plots at middle of August, 2007 just before rice plantation. Then growth, survival rate, FCR and production were estimated. Economic analysis was done considering all variable costs to the expenditure and respective shrimp and GIFT sales of the treatment to the gross return. ANOVA was done to observe the differences in growth, survival rate, production, FCR values and economic return among the different treatments.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Fish. Res., 12 (2), 2008: 187-195

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present study has demonstrated that the tilapia-shrimp polyculture is technically feasible, and can be environmentally friendly and economically attractive with the appropriate feeding strategy. The use of cost effective diets and optimization of feeding inputs and schedules are therefore vital for sustainable shrimp-tilapia polyculture in coastal rice-shrimp system.

Knowledge Management: Journal