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Water and Soil Quality of Roktodoha Beel, a Floodplain of Northwest Bangladesh

MA Ehshan
Department of Fisheries (DoF), Govt. of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh

AS Bhuiyan
Department of Zoology, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

MI Golder
Department of Fisheries (DoF), Govt. of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh

MTH Chowdhury
Department of Fisheries (DoF), Govt. of Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An investigation was carried out to assess water and soil quality of Roktodaha beel, a floodplain of northwest Bangladesh over period of a flood cycle. The water quality included physical parameters viz., temperature, depth and transparency and chemical parameters viz. pH, dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, hardness and alkalinity. Soil quality parameters included pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sulfur and boron. Most of the water and soil qualities were found in suitable ranges that support flora and fauna productivity. Though water pH was almost neutral (6.5-7.8), soil pH was found slightly acidic (5.2-5.7). Higher organic matter (3.1%) was specifically found in sanctuary area soil indicating result of sanctuary materials and fish assemblage. In relation to fisheries production such investigation may act as baseline information of such wetlands of Bangladesh.

Keywords: Water and soil quality, Roktodoha beel, floodplain, Bangladesh

Location: Bogra district.

Start Date: 00-05-2007

End Date: 00-02-2008

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Water quality

Objectives:

To know the water and soil quality of this floodplain.

Methodology:

The present investigation was conducted from May’ 2007 to February’ 2008 in the Roktodaha beel, a floodplain of Adamdighi sub-district under Bogra district of Bangladesh. Sampling was done fortnightly from three selected sampling spots. Water sample at 2 feet depth from the surface was collected. Rainfall data were collected from the local Agriculture Extension Department, Bogra. Identification of fish species was done. Water characteristics: Transparency was measured by a Secchi disc, pH by a portable digital pH meter (Model: HANNA- HI 8014), total hardness by a portable digital hardness meter (Model: HANNA- HI 93735). Dissolved oxygen was determined by titration method using 0.0109N sodium thiosulfate standard solution by Hach instrument (Model: FF–1A). Total alkalinity was measured by the same instrument using phenolphthalein indicator solution and sulfuric acid standard solution. NH3-N2 was also measured by Hach (Model FF-1A) instrument using respective colour comparator box. Soil characteristics: From each sampling spot soil samples were collected fortnightly from 30cm depth of the beel bottom. Each soil sample was placed in a thin layer on a clean piece of paper on a shelf and left until it is air-dry. Visible root and plant fragments were removed from the soil samples. The entire soil samples were passed through a grinder and subsequently a 2mm stainless steel sieve. The ground soil samples were transferred to plastic bags, labeled properly and kept in store. pH: Soil pH was measured with distilled water by using digital Metrohm 691 pH meter. Organic matter content: For organic matter content at first organic carbon was determined volumetrically by Walkey and Black’s wet oxidation method. Then the organic matter was calculated by multiplying in the percent value of the organic carbon with conventional Van-Bemmelen’s factor of 1.724. Total nitrogen: Total nitrogen was determined through digestion with 98% H₂SO₄, distillation by 33% NaOH solution and 0.05M HCL solution. Then titrated with 0.05M NaOH solution until the colour changed from violet to green. Phosphorus: Available phosphorus was determined by Olsen’s method extracting with 0.5M NaHCO₃ and determined by ammonium molybdate- ascorbic acid solution measuring absorbance on a spectrophotometer at 890 nm. Potassium: 2.5g soil was taken into a dry conical flask, 25ml 1.0M ammonium acetate was added, and shaking for 30 minutes it was left for overnight. Such extract was used to determine K content using a flame photometer.

Calcium and Magnesium: 2.5g soil was taken into a dry conical flask, 25ml 1.0M ammonium acetate was added, shaking 30 minutes it was left for overnight. 5ml of such extract was taken for measuring Ca and Mg content using an Atomic Spectrophotometer. Sulfur: 5.0g soil was taken into a dry conical flask, 25ml extracting was added and shaken for 30 minutes. 10ml of such extract was taken in a flask, 10ml acid seed solution and 5ml turbidimetric reagent was added. Absorbance was measured on a spectrophotometer at 535 nm. Boron: Extraction was done by digester using 0.01M CaCl₂. 2 ml extract was taken in a dry bottle, 4ml acetate buffer solution was added and then adding 4ml azomethine-H reagent was left for 30 minutes. Absorbance was measured at 420 nm on a spectrophotometer. Data analysis: Correlation coefficient (r) among water quality parameters and soil characteristics were analyzed through linear correlation using MS Excel.

Source of Information: Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Environmental Aspects of Bangladesh [ICEAB 2014] 84-87

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Various activities of different stakeholders of the floodplain and adjacent crop lands were prevalent around the year. Among them anthropogenic stress was notable. Combination of these factors and over exploitation of resources may be threat to conserve the soil and water quality parameters. Findings of this investigation may act as base line information that can help to study and understand the changes of environmental factors over the years in such type of wetlands.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings