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Genetic Divergence of Balam Rice (oryza Sativa L.) Germplasm of Bangladesh

MS Ahmed
PSO
GRSD, BRRI, Gazipur 1701.

S Parveen
SSO
TD, BRRI, Gazipur

MK Bashar
Country Manager
Harvest Plus, CIAT, Banani, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh.

AKM Shamsuddin
Professor
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, BAU, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Forty genotypes of Balam rice germplasm of Bangladesh were studied for 17 morpho-physicochemical characters at BRRI during 2009-11. The cluster analysis using Mahalanobis’ D2 statistics, grouped the genotypes into seven clusters, where no duplicate germplasm was found for the studied characters. The highest number of genotypes (8) was constellated into clusters I, III and V and the lowest (2) was in cluster IV. The intra- and inter-cluster distances were maximum (1.17 and 21.16) in cluster VII and between clusters II and IV and minimum (0.27 and 2.23) in cluster IV and between clusters II and VII respectively. Based on the values of principal component score, the two-dimensional scatter diagram (Z₁-Z₂) also distributed the genotypes into seven groups. The genotype of cluster IV, produced the highest flag and penultimate leaf area (1136 cm2), culm diameter (7.2 mm), days to maturity (152 days), primary and secondary branches per panicle (63), grain yield per panicle (4.9 g), 1000-grain weight (29.3 g), grain yield per hill (31.3 g), cooking time (19 min) and amylose content (24.1%). Similarly, the genotype of cluster I, produced the tallest plant (148 cm), maximum straw yield per hill (40.0 g) and protein content (9.6%), while the genotype of cluster VI, produced the highest panicle per plant (21) and the genotype of cluster III, produced the longest grain (8.8 mm). Therefore, it may be possible to obtain the highest mean values for the maximum studied characters, if the genotypes of cluster IV are crossed with the genotypes of cluster I, cluster III and cluster VI respectively. Besides, the canonical variate analysis showed that the grain length, cooking time, straw yield per hill, days to maturity, plant height and grain yield per panicle contributed maximum to the genetic divergence of the studied germplasms. Finally, the study revealed that the Balam rice germplasm can offer a diverse valuable gene reservoir to utilize in hybridization programmes for the improvement of Balam rice.

Keywords: Genetic divergence; Balam rice; Bangladesh

Location: BRRI, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2009

End Date: 00-00-2011

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

1. To assess the extent of genetic diversity in Balam rice germplasm of Bangladesh for selecting genotypes as prospective parents to develop transgressive segregants.

Methodology:

Forty genotypes of Balam rice germplasm of Bangladesh were selected and collected from BRRI Genebank, Gazipur and were studied for 13 agro-morphological and four physico-chemical characters. Thirty-day-old single seedling was transplanted per hill of each genotype for agro-morphological study during T. Aman 2009 and 2011 seasons. Spaces within and between rows were 20 and 25 cm respectively. The chemical fertilizer dose of 50-40-10 kg PKS per hectare along with 60 kg N per hectare was applied. Total amount of TSP, MP and gypsum were applied at the final land preparation. Urea was applied in three installments at 15, 30 and 45 days after transplanting (DAT). Nine plants from each entry were randomly selected for recording data on seedling height, flag and penultimate leaf area, plant height, culm diameter, effective tiller number per hill, days to maturity, primary and secondary branch number per panicle, average filled grain number per primary and secondary branches, grain yield per panicle, grain length, 1000-grain weight, straw and grain yield per hill. Besides, milling outturn, cooking time, protein and amylose content were measured according to the laboratory manual, GQND, BRRI during 2011.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Rice j. 2015, 19(1): 9-15; ISSN: 1025-7330 (Print);

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/brj.v19i1.25214

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The study revealed that the Balam rice germplasm can offer a diverse valuable gene reservoir to utilize in hybridization programmes for the improvement of Balam rice.

Knowledge Management: Journal, Online Circulation