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Production Potential of Tiger Shrimp, Penaeus Monodon by Fertilization and Reducing Feed Supply

S.B. Saha
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Brackishwater Station Paikgacha, Khulna-9280, Bangladesh

A. Ali
Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Brackishwater Station Paikgacha, Khulna-9280, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Experiment was conducted to assess the potential of increasing production of shrimp, Penaeus monodon by enhancing primary production through fertilization and reduc feeding regime. Four treatments viz., T₁, feeding @ 2% of shrimp biomass from 31~80 days of culture and then 1%; T₂, feeding @ 3% of shrimp biomass from 31~80 days of culture and then 2%; T₃, feeding @ 2% of shrimp biomass from 31~80 days of culture and then 1% + fertilization; T₄, feeding @ 3% of shrimp biomass from 31~80 days of culture and then 2% + fertilization each with three replications were tested. Urea @1.25 ppm and TSP @ 1.50 ppm were applied as fertilizer monthly. After 120 days of culture, mean final weight of shrimp was 11.86±0.35g, 12.08±0.51g, 13.30±0.99g and 14.50±1.14g with the production of 458.36±14.86 kg/ha, 484.93±7.26kg/ha, 536.75±4.81 kg/ha and 592.19±35.05 kg/ha in T₁, T₂, T₃ and T₄, respectively. Reduction of feed reduce both growth and production of shrimp. Increase in primary productivity due to fertilization increase production of shrimp to a significant level (F=32.94; p<0.001). But overall production of shrimp was lower in comparison to other similar studies when higher feeding applied.

Keywords: Production, Penaeus monodon, Fertilization, Feed supply

Location: Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Brackishwater Station, Paikgacha, peonies Khulna

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Feed

Objectives:

An attempt was made in the present communication to reduce feed application through increasing primary production by fertilization in modified extensive culture system of brackishwater shrimp, Penaeus monodon.

Methodology:

The study was conducted with four treatments with three replications each in twelve experiment earthen ponds of 1000 m² each of Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Brackishwater Station, Paikgacha, peonies Khulna. The ponds were prepared by treating soil with lime (Quick lime:dolomite 3:1) @ 250 kg/ha and then filled with tidal water of adjacent tributary of Shibsa river up to a depth of 1.0 m. Water of the ponds was treated with rotenone @ 1.5 ppm to kill all predatory and weed fishes. and then with dolomite @ 15 ppm to strengthen buffering capacity of water. After three days, the ponds’ water was fertilized with urea, TSP, and MoP @ 2.5 ppm, 3.0 ppm 1.0 ppm, respectively to accelerate production of plankton. Fermented molasses were applied to the pond water @ 5ppm to develop colour of water to check penetration of sunlight. Treatments were as follows: T₁- Feeding @ 2% of shrimp biomass from 31~80 days of culture and then 1%, T₂ - Feeding @ 3% of shrimp biomass from 31~80 days of culture and then 2%, T₃ - Feeding @ 2% of shrimp biomass from 31~80 days of culture and then 1% + *fertilization, T4 - Feeding @ 3% of shrimp biomass from 31~80 days of culture and then 2% + *fertilization (* Fertilization: Urea @1.25 ppm and TSP @ 1.50 ppm at monthly interval). After production of sufficient plankton, PCR (polymerized chain reaction) tested post larvae (PL₂₀; average body weight, 0.006 g) of shrimp were stocked to the ponds at a density 5 Nos/m² on 08 March, 2012. The stocked shrimps were fed with commercial feed. The used different grades (crumble to pellet) of feed contains 39-45% protein, 3% lipid, 6% fiber, 18% ash and 11% moisture. Protein concentration was higher in feeds used for smaller shrimps. From PL₂₀ to PL₅₀, quantity of feed to be applied was calculated considering a uniform survival of 90% in all ponds and according to the feeding rate. After PL50, when average body weight (ABW) of shrimp became 1.5 to 2.5 g, feed was adjusted fortnightly considering body weight of shrimp and same survival, and following the experimental design. Feed was applied by spreading. Water of ponds ware treated with Dolomite @15 ppm followed by fertilization in ponds of T₃ and T₄ with a gap of three days in each month following the experimental design. To maintain undisturbed ecology of the ponds, no water was exchanged. Only the evaporated water was replenished with the water of the adjacent tributary of Shibsa river. Basic water quality variables viz., depth, temperature, salinity, pH, transparency, dissolved oxygen (DO) and total alkalinity were determined at fortnight intervals following standard methods as mentioned in APHA. All variables except DO were measured at noon and DO was measured at 6 a.m. The rates of primary production of the ponds were estimated by in situ incubation of water samples in 300 ml BOD bottles as per the standard "Oxygen light and dark bottle method" with an incubation period of four hours. The DO content was determined by modified Winkler's iodometric method and the values were converted to carbon using a factor of 0.375. After 120 days of culture, shrimps from all ponds were harvested by cast netting and finally by dewatering, and average body weight (total weight/total number of shrimp), survival (%) and production (kg/ha) were estimated and compared. Statistical analyses were done to find out the mean, standard deviation, ANOVA and significance of differences using MICROSTAT statistical software.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Zool. 43(1): 9-17, 2015 ISSN: 0304-9027 (Print); 2408-8455 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Fertilization enhanced primary productivity increasing growth of shrimp in the present investigation, but reducing feeding rate to 1-3% of shrimp biomass in conjugation with fertilization would not be sufficient enough for the expected growth of shrimp.

Knowledge Management: Journal