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Physical Characteristics and Antioxidant Assay of Bael (aegle Marmelose) Germplasm Available in the South Western Region of Bangladesh

Suborna Sarker
Agrotechnology Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh

Prosanta Kumar Dash
Agrotechnology Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh

Md. Abdul Mannan
Agrotechnology Discipline, Life Science School, Khulna University, Khulna-9208, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The research work was carried out to determine the physical characteristic and antioxidant assay of bael (Aegle marmelose) germplasm collected from the south-western region of Bangladesh during April to September 2014. The experiment was carried out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. A significant variation among the germplasm in relation to fruit characteristics was observed. The highest values were found in germplasm No. 5 in respect of total weight of fruit, fruit width, skin weight and pulp weight among the 7 selected germplasm. The lowest values were found in germplasm No. 1 in respect of total weight of fruit, fruit length, fruit width, skin weight, skin thickness, seed weight, number of seeds and pulp weight. The germplasm No. 3 gave the highest number of seeds and that was the lowest in germplasm No. 1. The average edible part was 68.82 % of and average non-edible part 32.22 %. The highest edible portion (75.72%) was recorded from germplasm No. 5 and the lowest (60.64%) from germplasm No.3. Antioxidant determination of both raw pulp sample and dried pulp sample carried out in terms of 50 % inhibition concentration (IC₅₀). It was revealed from the study that raw pulp sample had comparatively lover IC₅₀ values than dried pulp sample i.e. raw pulp sample contain comparatively higher antioxidant concentration than dried sample. For raw pulp sample highest IC₅₀ value was found in germplasm No. 2 (92 µg/ml) and the lowest value was found in Germplasm No. 7 (25 μg/ml). For dried pulp sample the highest IC₅₀ value was found in germplasm No. 2 (330 μg/ml) and the lowest value found in germplasm No. 7 (100 μg/ml). So, the highest antioxidant content was found in germplasm No. 7 because the IC₅₀ values of germplasm No. 7 was the highest both in raw and dry conditions.

Keywords: Antioxidant, Germplasm, Edible, Raw and Dry

Location: Molecular Horticulture Laboratory of the Agrotechnology Discipline of Khulna University, Khulna

Start Date: 00-04-2014

End Date: 00-10-2014

Program Area: Development of Host and Medicinal Plants

Commodity: Fruit

Objectives:

1. To determine the physical properties of bael germplasm, and
2. To assess the antioxidant level of the selected bael germplasm.

Methodology:

The experiment on physical characteristics and antioxidant assay of bael was carried out during the period April to October 2014. In this study, 7 germplasm were examined which were collected random from the south western region of Bangladesh. The collected fruits were brought to the Molecular Horticulture Laboratory of the Agrotechnology Discipline of Khulna University, Khulna. In the laboratory the fruits were studied to determine their physical characteristics and antioxidant assay. Experimental design - The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Experimental materials - The bael fruit of seven Germplasm was selected as the experimental material materials for the investigation. These fruits were collected from different places of south western region of Bangladesh. The list of bael Germplasm with their specific collection area has been presented. Morphological parameters - Skin colour of bael fruits: The bael was clean with tap water and it was dried up with tissue paper. Skin colours were identified by visual observation comparing a colour chart. Size of bael fruits - Length, width and depth of the bael fruit were estimated to determine the size of bael by slide caliper. The values of these parameters were taken in centimeter (cm). Weight of bael fruits - The weight of bael fruit was measured by an electric balance. At first, the balance was adjusted to zero mark. The baeles were cleaned and weighted by keeping the bael on the chamber of the balance. The the reading was taken in gram (g). Seed and skin weight of bael fruits - The seed and skin weight were measured by an electric balance. At first the balance was adjusted to zero mark. The seed were cleaned and weighed by keeping the seed on the chamber of the balance. Then skin weight of bael was taken. Finally the reading was taken in gram (g). Weight of edible and non-edible portion of bael fruits - The weight of edible and non-edible portion of fruits was measured by an electric balance. At first the balance was adjusted to zero mark. After removing the skin from bael fruit the remaining edible portion (pulp) was estimated by keeping by keeping it in the chamber of balance. The weight of non-edible portion of fruits was measured by subtracting the weight of edible portion of fruit from total weight of fruits. Finally the reading was taken in gram (g). Qualitative assay - A suitable diluted (ethanol used as solvent) solution were spotted on pre-coated slica gel TLC plates and the plates were developed in solvent systems of different polarities (polar, medium polar and non-polar) to resolve polar and non-polar compound of the extract. The plates were dried at room temperature and were sprayed with 0.02% 1,1-diphenyl-2picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) in ethanol. Bleaching of DPPH by the resolved bands was observed for 10 minutes and the color changes (yellow to purple background) were noted. DPPH formed deep pink color when it was dissolve in ethanol. When it sprayed on the chromatogram of the extract, it forms pale yellow colour which indicates the presence of antioxidants. Quantitative analysis - % of inhibition was calculated as- % inhibition = [(Blank absorbance – Sample absorbance) / Blank absorbance] x 100, IC₅₀was determined from % inhibition vs. concentration graph. Statistical analysis - The collected data from experiment were statistically analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was used to compare the means of different parameters and the means were calculated by using “MSTATC” programme in Computer.

Source of Information: Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES); ISSN: 2220-6663 (Print), 2222-3045 (Online); Vol. 6, No. 2, p. 390-397, 2015

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.innspub.net

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The IC₅₀ values determine the inhibition concentration standard. Low IC₅₀ value indicates the highest antioxidant content where as the highest IC₅₀ value determines the lowest antioxidant content. Raw sample showed comparatively lower IC₅₀ values than dried sample i.e. raw condition enrich in higher antioxidant than dried condition. Raw sample contain higher antioxidant than dry sample because during raw condition different associated chemicals responsible for increasing antioxidant activity are available which are shrinks in dry condition. As a result antioxidant content varied between dry and raw sample.

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