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Variability and Heritability Analysis in Spring Wheat (triricum Aestivum L .) Genotypes

M.F. Amin
Scientific Officer
Regional Wheat Research Centre (RWRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur

M. Hasan
Associate Professor
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Salna, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

N. C. D. Barma
Chief Scientific Officer,
Regional Wheat Research Centre (RWRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur

M. M. Rahman
Senior Scientific Officer
Regional Wheat Research Centre (RWRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur

M. M. Hasan
Scientific Officer
Regional Wheat Research Centre (RWRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was carried out with 50 wheat lines to study their inter - genotypic variability, heritability, GCV, PCV, genetic advance, and CV percent considering 14 morphological characters at the experimental field of Regional Wheat Research Centre RWRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur during November 2010 to March 2010. Significant variation was observed among the genotypes for all characters studied. High GCV and PCV values were observed for grain filling duration, grain filling rate, and seed yield. High heritability along with higher genetic advance was observed for DTH, DTA, DPM, GFD, GFR, PHT, CHL_A, spikelets/spk., and yield kg/ha. The remaining traits showed lower heritability coupled with low genetic advance in percent of mean. Considering variability among the genotypes, heritability, genetic advance, percent co-efficient of variation, and field performances, the genotypes G 3, G 10, G 11, G 12, G13, G 21, G 29, G 35, G 38, G 40, G 46 and G 48 were found suitable for future breeding programme.

Keywords: Wheat, Genotypes, Variability, Heritability.

Location: Experimental field of Regional Wheat Research Centre (RWRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur

Start Date: 00-11-2010

End Date: 00-03-2011

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To characterize a set of wheat germplasm for various morphological characters and estimate the variability available in the collections, which can be utilized as donors in hybridization programme

Methodology:

Fifty wheat genotypes were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications at the experimental field of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur during first week of December 2010 to first week of April 2011. The experimental site was at 23.46⁰ N latitude and 90.23⁰ E longitude with an elevation of 8 meter from sea level. The experimental field was prepared thoroughly by ploughing with tractor followed by harrowing and removing the stubble. The crop was fertilized with NPKS and B @ 100, 28, 40, 20 and 2.5 kg ha^-1, respectively to ensure proper growth and development of wheat plant. The elements N, P, K, S and B were applied in the form of Urea, Triple Super Phosphate, Muriat of Potash, Gypsum and Boric acid, respectively. Two - third of urea and the entire quantity of other fertilizers were applied at final land preparation along with Furadon 3G @ 8 kg ha^-1. The rest one - third urea was top - dressed at crown root initiation stage (17 - 21 days after sowing) following first irrigation. Data were collected on days to heading (DTH), days to anthesis (DTA), days to maturity (DTM), grain filling duration (GFD)[days], grain filling rate (GFR) [g m^-2d^-1], plant height (PHT) in cm, chlorophyll content at anthesis (CHL_A) in SPAD unit, canopy temperature (⁰C) at vegetative (CT_veg.), anthesis (CT_anth.) and grain filling (CT_gf.) stage, spikelets spike^-1 (no.), grains spike^-1 (no.), thousand grain weight (TGW) [g], and grain yield m^-2 (g). Grain yield m^-2 of each genotype was converted into grain yield (Kg/ha). The data were analyzed for phenotypic and genotypic variances (Johnson et al., 1955). The Genotypic and phenotypic coefficients of variations were estimated according to the formula suggested by Burton (1952). Heritability in broad sense (h²b), genetic advance (GA), and genetic advance in percent of mean (GA%) were estimated for different characters by the formula suggested by Johnson et al., (1955) and Hanson et al., (1956), Allard (1960) and Comstock and Robinson (1952), respectively.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 40 ( 3 ): 435 - 450 , September 2015, ISSN 0258 - 7122

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.banglajol.info/index.php/BJAR/article/view/25418/17070

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

High heritability along with higher genetic advance was observed for DTH, DTA, DPM, GFD, GFR, PHT, CHL A, spikelets spike^-1, and yield (kg/ha) indicated that direct phenotypic selection has good chances to bring some good improvement in these traits. The remaining traits showed lower heritability coupled with low genetic advance in percent of mean indicating that selection has little to no chance for improvement. Considering variability among the genotypes, heritability, genetic advance, percent co-efficient of variance, and field performances, the genotypes G 3, G 10, G 11, G 12, G13, G 21, G 29, G 35, G 38, G 4 0, and G 48 were found suitable for future breeding programme

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