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Occurrence of Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria in Some Shrimp Farms of Bangladesh

FARZANA ASHRAFI NEELA
Department of Botany, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

MD ATIQUER RAHMAN
Department of Botany, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

MST NASRIN AKHTER BANU
Department of Botany, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

M HABIBUR RAHMAN
Department of Zoology, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh.

HIROYUKI OHTA
College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Ibaraki, Japan.

M FIROZ ALAM
Department of Botany, Rajshahi University, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Tetracycline (TC) and ampicillin (AMP) resistant bacteria were identified from both fresh and brackish water shrimp farming system, in Bangladesh. Among 78 isolates from freshwater samples, 14.10, 17.95 and 23.8% were found resistant to TC, AMP and TC plus AMP, respectively. On the other hand, isolates from the brackish water samples, the percentages of TC, AMP and TC plus AMP resistant isolates were 10.25, 12.82 and 15.38, respectively. In freshwater samples, the highest percentage of resistant bacteria was Bacillus sp. (38.9), Pseudomonas sp. (22.2), Staphylococcus sp. (16.7), Acinetobacter sp. (11.1), Brevibacillus sp. (5.5) and Enterobacter sp. (5.5). While in brackish water samples dominant resistant bacteria was Bacillus sp. (50) followed by Pseudomonas sp. (16.7), Acinetobacter sp. (16.7), Enterobacter sp. (8.3) and Microvirgula sp. (8.3).

Keywords: Antibiotic, Resistant bacteria, Shrimp farming

Location: Freshwater shrimp farms of Pabna (24.01º N and 89.18º E) and brackish water shrimp farms of Satkhira (22.35º N and 89.08º E)

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Diseases

Objectives:

To monitor the antibiotic resistance in the aquaculture industries of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Water samples were collected using a sterile bottle from the freshwater shrimp farms of Pabna (24.01º N and 89.18º E) and brackish water shrimp farms of Satkhira (22.35º N and 89.08º E). From each site four stations were sampled. All the samples were transported to the laboratory in an ice box and analyzed. To enumerate viable bacteria, water samples were mixed with sterile phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and a ten-fold serial dilution was made. Plate counts were performed in duplicate on nutrient agar. The plates were incubated at 25°C for 3 days. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined by agar dilution method. A bacterial cell suspension was prepared in PBS and cell density was adjusted to Macfarland No. 1.0. Ten microliters of bacterial cell suspension was spotted onto nutrient agar medium containing two-fold dilution of TC and AMP concentration 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2, 4, 16, 32, 64, 128 and 256 μg/ml. Plates were incubated at 25°C for 24 hrs. Resistance to an antibiotic was defined as ≥ 32 μg/ml. Antibiotic resistant bacteria were cultured in nutrient broth at 25°C for 24 hrs with shaking. Cells were harvested by centrifugation at 3000 × g for 10 min and then DNA was extracted.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Bot. 41(2): 197-200, 2012 (December)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The plasmid of Bacillus, Pseudomonas and Enterbacter were detected in the present study. Antibiotic resistance is often accompanied, such as plasmids and transposons, such association contributing to the wide distribution of this gene in bacterial genera obtained from different environments by horizontal gene transfer. This suggests that resistant bacteria can be increased in the wide area of aquatic environments in Bangladesh. Presence of plasmid in Bacillus sp., Enterbacter sp. and Pseudomonas sp. indicated that the resistance gene can be transferred from resistant bacteria to other non-resistant bacteria creating serious health hazards to the public.

Knowledge Management: Journal