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A Comparative Study of the Bacterial Flora in a Tannery Polluted Environment and a Freshwater Fish Pond

Mahmuda Begum
Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh

Abu Tweb Abu Ahmed
Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh

Fauzia Hafiz
Food Microbiology Lab, Institute of Food Science & Technology (IFST), Bangladesh Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dr Qudrat-e-Khuda Road, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh

Sahana Parveen
Food Microbiology Lab, Institute of Food Science & Technology (IFST), Bangladesh Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (BCSIR), Dr Qudrat-e-Khuda Road, Dhaka 1205, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study was carried out to assess the total bacterial load, incidence of total coliform, faecal coliform (Escherichia coli) and Salmonella species in water and soil of a tannery polluted environment (river Buriganga) and a selected freshwater fish pond environment. Samples were analyzed for their monthly variation and made a comparative investigation between the two different environments. The highest viable bacterial count was observed in tannery polluted water (2.7 x 105 cfu/ml) in May 2005 and in soil (5.7 x 107 cfu/g) in August, 2005. The total coliform and faecal coliform counts were always very high (>2,400/100 ml) in water and soil (>240/g) of tannery polluted area as measured by the most probable number (MPN) method. Salmonella was always present in tannery polluted samples, and occasionally in fresh water pond samples. It was also observed that tannery polluted environment was heavily polluted due to presence of large number of pathogenic bacteria as a result of tannery wastes discharged into the area. This poses serious threats to aquatic organisms, especially fish, and also for human being living in the Hazaribagh area.

Keywords: Bacterial flora, Tannery polluted environment, Freshwater fish pond

Location: Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka

Start Date: 00-04-2005

End Date: 00-09-2005

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Non-commodity: Impact

Objectives:

To find out the monthly variation and effects of contamination due to tannery pollution.

Methodology:

The present study was conducted during April 2005 to September 2005 with the objectives of comparative investigation of total bacterial load and quantitative distribution of coliform, faecal coliform (Escherichia coli) and Salmonella to find out their monthly variation and effects of contamination due to tannery pollution. Two stations were selected for collection of water and soil samples at regular intervals. Site-1 was at Buriganga River side receiving tannery producing hazardous wastes situated behind Shikdar Medical College, Hazaribagh, Dhaka. Site-2 was a freshwater fish pond inside Zaharul Haque Hall at Dhaka University Campus, Dhaka. Water was collected in a sterilized glass bottle and soil was collected in a plastic jar using the sampler Ekman dredge. The samples were transported in an ice box with sufficient ice blocks to maintain the temperature around 4° to 6°C. The physicochemical and microbial tests were performed at the laboratory of Food Microbiology, IFST, BCSIR, Dhaka. For bacteriological study, about 20 g of solid sample was suspended in 180 ml Ringer’s solution and then serially diluted using the same diluents. Water samples were also taken directly for serial dilution. The culture media used for isolation and enumeration of bacteria included nutrient agar (NA) for total viable bacterial count (TVBC), eosine methylene blue (EMB) agar for Escherichia coli and bismuth sulphite agar (BSA) for Salmonella. Pour plate method was used for TVBC, while streak plate method was employed for the isolation of E. coli and Salmonella. The total and faecal coliform bacteria were enumerated by most probable number (MPN) procedures4. Incubation was carried out at 37°C for 24-48 h. The number of colonies from selected plates was counted by an automatic colony counter and the count was expressed as colony forming unit (cfu/ml).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 24, Number 2, December 2007, pp 157-159

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In conclusion, it is suggested that tannery industries should be relocated to another place as quickly as possible to save the environment for fishes and also for human being living around the area.

Knowledge Management: Journal