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Mutagenic Effectiveness of Three Chemical Mutagens in Tomato (lycopersicon Esculentum)

N. N. Shaheen
Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh.

G. Kabir
Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh.

G. M. Shahiquzzaman
Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh.

M. Rahman
Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Mutagenic effects of ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS), ethylene glycol (EG) and triethanolamine (TA) on germination, mitotic and meiotic aberrations, pollen grain abnormality, pollen stainability and vitamin C content were determined. The results indicated that TA was more effective on germination and EMS on mitotic and meiotic aberrations, pollen grain abnormality, pollen stainability and vitamin C deterioration.

Keywords: Chemical, Mutagens, Tomato

Location: Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Tomato

Objectives:

To describe the effects of chemical mutagens on a variety of tomato.

Methodology:

Three chemical mutagens, namely ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS), ethylene glycol (EG) triethanolamine (TA) were used in this experiment. Seeds of tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum var. Sunmargina) were used in this experiment. Three different concentrations of each of the chemical mutagens were prepared by mixing 0.20, 0.49 and 0.80 ml of the mutagens with 100 ml lied water separately and were designated D₁, D₂ and D₃, respectively. For study of mutagenic effects of three chemical mutagens the following parameters were considered: seed germination, seedling emergence, mitotic chromosomal mutation, meiotic chromosomal irregularities, pollen grain abnormality, pollen sterility and vitamin C (ascorbic acid) content. Germination percentage was estimated from treated seeds in the laboratory at room temperature of 21-23°C. Treated seeds were sown in the field and after five days the percentages of seedling emergence were recorded. For the study of mitotic chromosomal mutation, root-tips were collected from the treated germinating seeds and they were stained with 0.5 % haematoxylin. Data on meiotic irregularity, pollen grain abnormality and pollen sterility were from pollen mother cells (PMC), ripe yellow anthers and very mature anther, respectively treated seeds, sprayed seedlings and treated seed + sprayed seedlings. Ascorbic acid content was estimated by titrimetric method from the green fruits of treated seeds, sprayed seedlings and treated seeds + sprayed seedlings. Mutagenic effects were estimated of the following formula suggested by Rao and Rao (1983). Effectiveness = Rate of mutation/Dose x Duration of treatment.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 12(2): 251-254, 1994 (December), ISSN: 0253-5432.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present findings indicated clearly that TA was more effective on germination and EMS more effective on mitotic aberration, pollen grain abnormality, pollen sterility and ascorbic deterioration. Thus the factor of effectiveness was highest in EMS. It induced more and heritable change over other chemical treatments. In the present investigation the order of effectiveness of the chemical mutagen is as follows: EMS> EG > TA.

Knowledge Management: Journal