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Estimation of Yield and Quality of Banana Fruit Affected by Banana Leaf and Fruit Beetle, Nodostoma Viridipennis (coleoptera: Eumolpidae) in Bangladesh

Z.M. Sarwar Zahan
BADC, Noshipur, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.

M. Abdul Ahad
Department of Entomology, HMD University of Science and Technology, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh.

M.S. Bari
Department of Agroforestry, HMD University of Science and Technology, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.

M. Alamgir Hossain
Department of Entomology, HMD University of Science and Technology, Dinajpur-5200, Bangladesh.

M.J. Islam
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, HMD University of Science and Technology, Dinajpur, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the yield and quality of banana fruit affected by banana leaf and fruit beetle, Nodostoms viriaipermis Mots, in an orchard and laboratory of the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from October 1997 to October 1998. The beetle damaged the newly formed fruits in the hand having cluster of 13 bananas each showing 33-57 scars in seven days by 5 beetles, but the mean number of scars on fruits increased in second week after their emergence. The mean length of banana decreased when caging insects after emergence of fruits was found 18.5 cm which was by 3.9 cm less than caging without insects. The difference in length of fruit was little, when compared caging insects 15 days after emergence of fruits (20.8 cm) with caging without insects of fruits. The mean breadth per fruit under these three treatments was 10.6 cm, 12.4 cm and 13.6 cm respectively. The analyses of variance of size (length x breadth) of fruit differed significantly among treatments (p < 0.001) and interaction between the treatments were also significantly different. The difference in weight of fruits was little when compared caging insects 15 days after emergence of fruits with caging without insects of fruits. The analysis of variance in weight of fruits differed significantly between treatments (P < 0.001) and interaction between the treatments were also significantly different. The damage done by the beetle had tremendous effect on both quantity and quality of banana. Ripening duration of damaged fruits was prolonged significantly and fruit weight also reduced in comparison with beetle free fruits. The quality of infested banana with reference to skin colour and thickness, taste, smell and pulp of fruit were not normal and thus considerably affected the sale and consumption value.

Keywords: Banana yiels, Quality, Banana Leaf, Fruit beetle

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-10-1997

End Date: 00-10-1998

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Banana

Objectives:

To find out different parameters of the infested banana compared to the uninfested one.
To estimate the yield and quality of banana as a matter of deciding the role of pest management practices.

Methodology:

The experiments were conducted in the banana orchard of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from October, 1997 to October, 1998. This was deigned in RCBD replicating three times having plot size of the orchard 320 m² and the plants were spaced at 2 x 2m². The planting system was hexagonal. The commercial variety "Amrita sagar" was grown. Sword suckers of 2-3 kg in weight with the age 01 3-4 months were used as planting materials. The base of the suckers was cleaned, mostly by pruning the old roots and kept in shade for 2 days for drying up the wound areas. Selected sword suckers were planted in the prepared pit (0.70 x 0.4m²) on 23^rdOctober, 1997. Manures and fertilizers were applied as per the recommended doses and methods. Necessary intercultural operations such as shallow mulching, pruning of new suckers, bunches propping were done on proper time. Irrigation and insecticides were not applied. The weekly mean temperature ranged from 15.2 ^oC to 30.9 °C, relative humidity 67.7% to 93.4% and total rainfall 0.0 mm to 324.8 mm. For the damage estimation of banana fruits, three hands each of 13 bananas in three plants were caged with nylon net just after emergence in the orchard. Five orchard collected beetles N. viridipennis irrespective of sex of were released in a cage just after caging, five beetles released in the caged hand after 15 days of caging and a caged hand without beetles was used as control. The caged hands with beetles were examined weekly to determine the number of scars caused by the beetles which fed on the skin of fruits. The data on the number of scars were taken from the individual fruits until the death of beetles. The caged hands were kept up to harvest of the fruit. To estimate the yield ald quality of banana fruits, the bananas were harvested from the above caged hands of all the three treatments ald brought to the laboratory of the Department 01 Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh for further investigation. They were kept hanged for ripening and several tests were done on the individual bananas of each caged hand treatment. These are:- i) duration of ripening, the longevity of ripening for different hands treatments was keenly observed and recorded, ii) different physical parameters viz., weight, length and breadth were taken and enlisted, iii) colour of the ripening fruits was observed in the shinny time of the day, iv) the thickness of fruit skin after peeling and quality of pulp were observed after ripening, v) taste and smell were taken, eating by 10-12 persons in an expert panel. The data on infestation were analyzed statistically and mean difference was adjusted by DMRT.

Source of Information: Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 4 (9): 1118-1119, 2001

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The analyses showed that, banana fruits were affected in size due to leaf and fruit beetle damage and this was significantly noticeable on the attack after 15 days of fruit emergence. Fruit size of banana was not normal under infested condition as compared to uninfested fruits. The infestation by N. viridipannis prolonged ripening duration and reduced the fruit weight. This might be due to the fact that banana fruits lost their normal vigour.The quality of infested banana with reference to skin colour and thickness, taste, smell and pulp of fruit were not normal and thus considerably affected the sale and consumption value.

Knowledge Management: Journal