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Availability of Pearl Producing Marine Bivalves in South-eastern Coast of Bangladesh and Culture Potentialities

Md. Ataur Rahman
Marine Fisheries & Technology Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Cox’s Bazar 4700, Bangladesh

Mohammed Rashed Parvej
Freshwater Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh 2201, Bangladesh

Md. Harunor Rashid
Freshwater Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh 2201, Bangladesh

Md. Enamul Hoq
Marine Fisheries & Technology Station, Bangladesh Fisheries Research Institute, Cox’s Bazar 4700, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study was conducted during September 2014 to July 2015 to identify the pearl bearing bivalves in south-eastern coast of Bangladesh and culture potentialities of marine oyster in captivity based on field investigation. A total of 7 pearl bearing bivalve species were identified in the coast with a salinity of 18-34 ppt, pH 8.1-8.3 and water depth ranged 0.2-2.0 meter in their habitat. From the collected bivalves, most abundant oyster species windowpane oyster, Placuna placenta (Linnaeus, 1758) was reared in fiber glass tanks with seawater for a period of 6 months. During rearing highest survival rate of 88% was observed in T₁ with sandy and gravel substratum and lowest survival rate of 78% was found in T₂ with muddy substratum. Average temperature and salinity were varied between 24°C - 25°C and 21 - 26 ppt respectively. From the reared oyster, highest 54 nos. small pearls in the month of April and lowest 7 pearls in December from a single P. placenta were obtained. The study proved that pearls can be obtained from the marine oysters in captivity in Bangladesh, and this offers large scale culture potentialities in this coast.

Keywords: Pearl, Bivalve, Windowpane oyster, Placuna placenta

Location: Sonadia, Moheshkhali in Cox’s Bazar and Kuakata in Potuakhali district, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-09-2014

End Date: 00-06-2015

Program Area: Resource Development and Management

Commodity: Pearl

Objectives:

Objective of this study was to search pearl producing marine oyster in the south-east coast of Bangladesh and their culture potentialities for pearl culture.

Methodology:

The study was conducted in the Sonadia, Moheshkhali in Cox’s Bazar and Kuakata in Potuakhali. The primary criterion for the selection of this area was suitable geographical coverage for large variety of pearl producing marine oysters and presence of good numbers of bivalve collectors. Bivalves were collected by hand picking, dredging by hand and rake hook from the muddy soft areas especially in Ghotivanga Khal, Moheshkhali and rocky attached bivalves were separated from the rock by using chisel and hammer. The field survey was conducted during September 2014 to June 2015. Both living and dead oyster shells were put in ice box and carried to the Marine Fisheries and Technology Station, Cox’s Bazar. Live oyster individuals were kept in the fiber glass aquarium for rearing with regular monitoring whereas dead shells were kept in the Museum of the MFTS, Cox’s Bazar. Collected bivalves were identified on the basis of their shell characteristics after Abbott (1982), Mookherjee (1985), Amhed et al. (1990), and Hossain et al. (2014). The specimen’s length and weight were measured by a steel measurement tape (LAND, JC-379W) to the nearest cm and weight machine (OHAUS, PA213). Fiber glass tanks (2mx1mx1m) of 2 tons water holding capacity were used for rearing of collected oyster species. Most abundant species windowpane oyster, Placuna placenta (Linnaeus, 1758) were collected from the study areas kept into clear fiber glass aquariums with sea water, denoted as T₁, T₂ and T₃. For each of the treatment duplicate aquariums were used. The substratum of T₁ tank was maintained with sand and gravel, T₂ with sand+mud and T₃ with only sand as bottom substratum. Water depth in the aquariums was maintained as 0.5 m with a stoking density of 100 species in each tank. Pearl sampling was done every two-month interval. Fortnightly monitoring of water quality parameter (temperature, salinity, pH, DO) were done and rearing trail was for a period of six months from December 2014 to June 2015.

Source of Information: Journal of Fisheries, Volume 3 Issue 3 Pages: 293-296 December 2015, eISSN 2311-3111

Article Link (Online Journal): http://journal.bdfish.org/index.php/fisheries/article/view/108/JFish_293-296

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

During rearing highest survival rate of 88% was observed in T₁ with sandy and gravel substratum and lowest survival rate of 78% was found in T₂ with muddy substratum. Average temperature and salinity were varied between 24°C - 25°C and 21 - 26 ppt respectively. From the reared oyster, highest 54 nos. small pearls in the month of April and lowest 7 pearls in December from a single P. placenta were obtained. The study proved that pearls can be obtained from the marine oysters in captivity in Bangladesh, and this offers large scale culture potentialities in this coast.

Knowledge Management: Journal