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Histo-morphology of the Alimentary Canal in Two Freshwater Snakehead Fish Channa Punctata and Channa Striata

Mita Borman
Department of Zoology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh

Ismot Ara
Department of Zoology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh

Mohammad Kamrujjaman
Department of Zoology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh

Md Rafiqun Nabi
Department of Zoology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The histo-morphological study of the alimentary canal of two carnivore freshwater snakehead fish Channa punctata and C. striata was carried out from October 2013 to July 2014. It revealed that three major parts like oesophagus, stomach and intestine composed of short thick-walled body. The oesophagus begins with buccopharynx. Structure and arrangement of both villiform and canine teeth on jaws in C. striata are more extendable and stronger than C. punctata and thereby made the former one more successful predator. The availability and arrangement pattern of mucous pits and taste bud pores in oesophagus are also prominent in C. striata. The TS of stomach of both the species has broad GM devoid of goblet mucous cells, but surface layer CC and basal layer GG open through gastric pits. The length of intestine (16.0 cm) and intestinal pyloric caeca (5.5 cm) in C. striata are larger than C. punctata (7.0 cm and 1.5 cm, respectively). However, the TS of intestinal Sr. 0.05 mm; MM. 0.8 mm; Mu 0.5 mm suggest in favour of carnivore habit of both the species.

Keywords: Alimentary canal, Histo-morphology, Channa punctata, Channa striata

Location:

Start Date: 00-10-2013

End Date: 00-07-2014

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Fish

Objectives:

To disclose the probable variations in the microanatomy of the oesophagus and stomach of two fresh water snake-head fish C. punctata and C. striata with any diverse nature of food and feeding habits.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out from October 2013 to July 2014 at Limnology and Fishery Sciences Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Jahangirnagar University. The required number of fish samples was collected from the different ponds and flooded areas of Nabinagar, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Collected fishes were washed with sufficient amount of fresh tap water and preserved in 5¬6% formalin solution over night in order to make all kinds of body tissue stiff and easy handle able. Later, the abdomen of some fishes was dissected on a wax embedded dissection tray with the help of a point headed scissors keeping up-ward tension. Thereafter, the liver and other accessory fat bodies were removed with the help of a needle and forceps and finally all mesenteries (if any) were separated to get the straight structure of the gut. In this condition, the entire gut beginning from the oesophagus up to the last part of intestine were cut out and instantly washed with distilled water in a Petri dish to clean any dirt and blood. Then, the entire gut was kept in Buin’s fluid for 24 hours to 72 hours as a fixative and thereafter the different parts like oesophagus, stomach and intestine were separated and preserved in 70% alcohol for further histological studies. Histological slides were prepared following standard procedure (Carson 2007). After the preparation of histological slides in different parts of gut i.e. oesophagus, stomach, and intestine, both stained tissue samples were examined its different microstructures and justified the quality of slide preparation under a compound microsope. Digital images were obtained using an Olympus BX51 microscope equipped with a Camedia C3040ZOOM digital camera (Olympus America Inc., Melville, NY, USA). All images were taken under 20 × magnifications.

Source of Information: Journal of Fisheries, Volume 3 Issue 3 Pages: 297-300 Dec 2015, eISSN 2311-3111

Article Link (Online Journal): http://journal.bdfish.org/index.php/fisheries/article/download/80/JFish_297_300

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It is interesting that in both the species, the alimentary canal in well adapted to their respective food and feeding habits. The histomorphology of different important parts of the alimentary canal so far studied under a light microscope suggest that each part of both the species has some specialties in respect of function. Moreover, further study under high resolution photograph or an image on a computer would be a great help in the determination of actual food and feeding habits of any fish species and thereby suggest making accurate artificial feed for the respective fish.

Knowledge Management: Journal