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Genetic Diversity of Eggplant Germplasm

AKM Quamruzzaman,

Ferdouse Islam

Md. Asaduzzaman

M. H. Al-Mamun

M. NazimUddin

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted with twenty seven eggplant germplasm at the experimental field of Olericulture Division, Horticulture Research Centre (HRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur during 2014-15. The collected germplasm originating from different local and exotic sources were subjected to cluster analysis. The germplasm were constellated into five distinct groups with the range of 2 germplasm in cluster II to 8 germplasm each in cluster IV and V. The inter-cluster distance in all cases was larger than the intra-cluster distance. Maximum inter-cluster distance (19.730) was observed between germplasm of cluster I and III followed by cluster II and III (15.189) and minimum was found between germplasm of cluster IV and V (4.975). The highest intra cluster value (1.090) was observed in cluster V. Mean performance of different clusters revealed that cluster I recorded the highest mean for average fruit weight (204.00 g), plant height at last harvest (92.33 cm), fruit diameter (8.30 cm) and the lowest desirable mean for days to first flowering (82.67 days), days to first harvesting (109.67 days), whereas maximum highest mean value for days required for fruiting (26.50), fruit yield per plant (2.90 kg), fruit yield per hectare (38.62 t) were in cluster II with desirable the highest or the lowest means. Therefore, inbreeds belong to cluster I, cluster II, cluster II and cluster IV will be given higher priority for crossing in future eggplant hybridization programme.

Keywords: Genetic diversity, Eggplant germplasm, Performance

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, BARI, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2014

End Date: 00-00-2015

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Brinjal

Objectives:

To assess the extent of genetic diversity in 27 eggplant germplasm which will help to select prospective parents to develop transgressive segregate.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Olericulture Division of Horticulture Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) during the winter season 2014-15 with 27 germplasm of eggplant. The seeds of these germplasm were sown on the seedbed on 25 September 2014. Thirty day old seedlings were transplanted in the main field on 25 October 2014. The experiment was laid out in a RCB design without replication. The unit plot size was 7.5 x 0.7 m and 10 plants were accommodated in a plot with a plant spacing of 75 cm apart in single row maintaining a row to row distance of 70 cm with 30 cm drain. The land was fertilized with cowdung, N, P, K, S, Zn and B @ 10,000, 161.29, 50, 125, 16, 4.30 and 1.70 kg/ha, respectively. One third of the cow-dung and half of P and full of S, Zn and B were applied during final land preparation. Rest of cow-dung and P and 1/3 of K were applied as basal in pit. One fifth of urea and K were applied after 20 days of transplanting. After that, rest of urea and K were applied in equal four installments at 20 days interval. The intercultural operations (weeding, irrigation, insecticide spray etc.) were done as and when necessary. Data on days to 1st harvest, days required for harvesting, fruit length (cm), fruit diameter (cm), no. of fruit/ plant, average fruit wt. (g), fruit wt./ plant (kg), yield (t/ha), brinjal fruit and shoot borer (BFSB) infestation (%), plant height at 1st harvest (cm) and plant height at last harvest (cm) were recorded from five randomly selected plants per germplasm. Plot means for 12 quantitative characters were used for the statistical analysis. Genetic diversity was studied following Mahalanobis’s (1936) generalized distance (D²) extended by Rao (1952). Based on the D² values, the germplasm were grouped into clusters following the method suggested by Tocher (Rao, 1952). Genetic diversity was studied following Mahalanobis’s (1936) generalized distance (D²) extended by Rao (1952). Statistical analyses were carried out using Genstat 5 software.

Source of Information: Research Report on Horticultural Crops 2014-2015 (Olericultue Division), BARI, Gazipur

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Considering group distance and other yield contributing performance, the inter-genotypic crosses between the members of cluster I and II; cluster I and III; cluster I and IV would exhibit high heterosis and is also likely to produce new recombinants with desired traits. Therefore, inbreeds belong to cluster I, cluster II, cluster II and cluster IV will be given higher priority for crossing in future eggplant hybridization programme.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings