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Status of Shallow Tube-well Water Qualities in the Chittagong District of Bangladesh

M. M. Abdullah-Al-Mamun
Institute of Forestry and Environmental Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chittagong

Kazi Mohammad Masum
Dept. of Forestry and Environmental Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet

Mohammad Abdul Motaleb
IUCN Bangladesh Country Office, Banani, Dhaka

Mohammad Saydul Islam Sarkar
Institute of Marine Sciences and Fisheries, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Related water quality tests were carried out in different areas of Chittagong district. Water qualities of eight upazila/thana were examined and found significant variation among them. Water quality parameters did not cross the safe limit of drinking water standard largely. For example TDS (highest value-711mg/l; standard limit-1000mg/l), Alkalinity (highest value-254mg/l; standard limit-500mg/l), Sulfate (highest value-18mg/l; standard limit-400mg/l), Phosphate (highest value-3.32mg/l; standard limit-6mg/l), Total Hardness(highest value-68mg/l; standard limit-200-500mg/l), Cu(highest value-0.19mg/l; standard limit-1mg/l), Zn(highest value-0.06mg/l; standard limit-5mg/l) and Nitrite (highest value-0.05mg/l; standard limit-1mg/l) value of any areas did not cross the safe limit. Some areas crossed the standard level in case of pH and Free Chlorine; however the value did not correspond with much deterioration. A relative comparison with the safe limit, As and Fe of some areas were identified at risk. Mirsharai got the As concentration 0.45 mg/l. Variability in Fe was found in six upazila such as Panchlaish (3.05 mg/l), Kotowali (2.22 mg/l), Chandgaon (2.39 mg/l), Shatkania (1.69 mg/l), Banskhali(3.12 mg/l) and Fatikchari (2.82 mg/l) of Chittagong over the standard level.

Keywords: Drinking water, Water quality, Shallow tube-well

Location: Department of Environmental Technology, Chittagong Polytechnic Institute, Chittagong

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Food Safety and Security

Commodity: Water quality

Objectives:

To evaluate the quality of shallow tube-well water in Chittagong and compared with the drinking water standard of 'The Environment Conservation Rules (ECR) 1997’.

Methodology:

Collection of water samples : Samples were collected by random sampling method, selecting half of the upazila in Chittagong District. The selected areas were Panchlaish (C₁), Kotowali (C₂), Chandgaon (C₃), Shatkania (C₄), Potyia (C₅), Bansk hali (C₆), Fatikchari (C₇) and Mirsharai (C₈). Samples were collected from three shallow tube - wells around 1km circumference from observation well of Bangladesh Water Development Board in each area. The water samples were collected in the month of July and August. Sample water was collected in a 500 milimeter plastic bottle and filled the total volume of the container and cap was locked sufficiently so that no air space can be remained inside to minimize the chemical changes. Proper labeling was made in each sample by mentioning the name and location of sample site date and time of collection. Water samples were immediately shifted to the laboratory of the Department of Environmental Technology, Chittagong Polytechnic Institute, Chittagong for analysis.

Water quality analysis: pH and TDS (mg/l) test was done by using “Pocket-sized pH meter (pHep)” by Hanna (Model:HI 98107). Total Alkalinity (mg/l CaCo₃), Sulfate (mg/l SO₄), Phosphate (mg/l PO₄), Free Chlorine (mg/l Cl₂), Total Hardness (mg/l CaCo₃), Iron (mg/l Fe), Copper (mg/l Cu), Zinc (mg/l Zn) and Nitrite (mg/l N) tests were done by using “Photometer System-Tintometer” by Lovibond, Germany. Arsenic was tested by Arsenic Test Kit - highly sensitive (Measuring Range from 0.005 - 0.5 mg/l) made in Germany.

Source of Information: Journal of Science, Technology & Environment Informatics, Volume 02, Issue 01, 2015, Article no. 01, pp.01-12

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.journalbinet.com/uploads/2/1/0/0/21005390/status_of_shallow_tube-well_water_qualities_in_the_chittagong_district_of_bangladesh.pdf

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Some drinking water quality parameters such as pH, TDS, Alkalinity, Sulfate, Phosphate, Free Chlorine, Total Hardness, Cu, Zn and nitrite were examined in different areas of Chittagong district and found the values within the safe limit. Only Iron and Arsenic showed little distortion from the drinking water quality standard. Out of eight upazila, six were contaminated with Fe which represented the overall condition of the district. Though As was found beyond the safe limit in only one upazila of Chittagong district, however, due to its serious health implication to human body, people should be encouraged to find out surface water sources, for example, rain, pond and river. In addition, Arsenic removal plant can be made available to arsenic prone areas. Like Arsenic, Iron contamination also needs to be handled properly by using the alternative source of water and purification technology.

Knowledge Management: Journal