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Evaluation of Bitter Gourd Lines of F8 Progenies in Summer Season

M. A. T. Masud

T. Hasan

N. Dhillon
Scientist
AVRDC, Thailand

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Eleven bitter gourd lines of F8 progenies of AVRDC source were evaluated with a check variety BARI Karala 1 in the Vegetable Division, HRC, BARI, Gazipur in the summer season of 2014. The lines varied significantly for their response to all the characters studied (P<0.05), except duration of fruit harvest (DH) and per cent non fruit set (P>0.05). Of these, days to 1st female flower open (DFF) ranged from 20-45, node orders of 1st female flower open (NFF) 7-27. The line AVBG1325 took minimum days (20) to 1st female flowering which statistically followed in five lines AVBG1324, 1308, 1320, 1323 and 1310 (21-30). Five lines AVBG1320, 1324, 1325, 1308 and 1323 were early relative to female flowering node (7-10). Fruit length and diameter ranged from 9.6-23.5cm and 3.1-4.4cm respectively. The lines also varied widely for marketable fruits per plant (MF/pl), average fruit weight (AFwt) and yield per hectare (Y/ha) which ranged from 17-54, 51.0-178.9g and 9.8-21.7 tons respectively. Six lines AVBG1301, 1308, 1323, 1324, THMC143 and THMC167 produced moderately higher fruits (27-54/ plant) than the check variety (23/plant). Maximum fruit weight was recorded in AVBG1327 (178.9g) followed by AVBG1310 (153g) which was significantly higer than the check (134g). All the lines except one (AVBG1320) were statistically similar for Y/ha. Four lines (AVBG1301, 1310, 1327 and THMC167) had higher yield (18.9-21.7 tons/ha) then the check (17.9 tons). DH and non fruit set ranged from 15-39 days and 11.2-60.1% respectively. The lines varied widely for fruit fly infestation (FflyInfest) (P<0.05) (5.1-15.7%). Four lines AVBG1304, 1310, 1327, THMC167 and the check variety had lower FflyInfest (5.1-8.1%), No epilachna beetle infestation (EpibeetleInfest) was also observed in the lines. Similarly no infection (0.0%) of downy mildew, powdery mildew, leaf spot (LS) and virus diseases was recorded in these lines. Based on the characters studied and visual observation of fruit color, shape and size four lines AVBG1301, THMC143, THMC167 and AVBG1310 were found promising as variety.

Keywords: Bitter gourd, Fruit charcteristics, Yield

Location: The experimental field of Vegetable Division, HRC, BARI, Gazipur

Start Date: 19-02-2014

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Bitter gourd

Objectives:

To select suitable lines for high yield and good quality for developing open pollinated varieties.

Methodology:

The study consisted of 11 bitter gourd lines of F8 progenies and one check variety BARI Karala 1. The lines were collected from Dr. Narinder Dhillon’s program of AVRDC, Thailand. The trial was conducted at the experimental field of Vegetable Division, HRC, BARI. It was established in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Plant population per replication varied from 6 to 7 based on the availability of seedlings. Seeds were sown in poly bag in a soil medium on February 19, 2014. Twenty six days old seedlings were transplanted in the field on March 17, 2014. Minimum temperature ranged from 15.2 (March) to 28.50C (July) and maximum 28.2 (March) to 39⁰C (April) was recorded during the growing period (March to July, 2014). Bed size was 1.2x7.0m. Plant spacing was maintained 1.2x6.0m where plant to plant distance was 1.0m within the bed. The land was fertilized with cow-dung, N, P, K, S, Zn and B @5000, 76, 32, 70, 14.5, 3.6 and 1.0 kg/ha, respectively. Entire cow dung, P, S, Zn, B and 1/3rd of K were applied during pit preparation as basal dose at least 8-10 days before transplanting. Rest of K was applied in two equal installments at 15 and 30 days after transplanting. N was applied in four equal installments at 7, 15, 30 and 45 days after transplanting. Sex pheromone trap was used for controlling fruit fly. Standard agronomic practices were followed as and when necessary. Selfing and selection process was followed on the basis of crop improvement procedure. Measured characters and statistical analysis: Data was recorded on 11 quantitative characters, and six disease and insect reaction parameters. Quantitative characters were days to 1st female flower opened (DFF), node order of 1st female flower open (NFF), duration of harvest (DH), fruit length (FL) in cm, fruit diameter (FD) in cm, marketable fruits /plant (MF/pl), average fruit weight (AFW) in gram, yield per hectare (Y/ha) in tons, non fruit set in per cent and bitterness. Disease data include downy mildew (DM), powdery mildew (PM), leaf spot (LS) and virus incidence (VI in %). Insect reaction data include fruit fly infestation (Fruit fly Infest) and epilakhna beetle infestation in per cent. Ten randomly selected fruits involving every plant of the liens were used to record fruit characteristics and each plant to record plant characteristics per replication per genotype. Days were counted from days to transplanting. Disease data was recorded after six and eight weeks of transplanting and pooled. Insect and disease reaction data was recorded on individual plant basis. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and mean separation of lines were done using Tukey’s test through one-way ANOVA in MINITAB statistical software (version 15, Minitab Inc, State College, Pennsylvania, USA). The significance of lines was performed at the level of 0.05%. Linear correlations between duration of harvest with fruits per plant and yield per hectare across the lines were done through the fitted line plot regression using the same software.

Source of Information: BARI HRC (Olericulture) Research Report on Horticultural Crops 2014-2015

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The lines varied significantly for their response to all the characters studied except duration of fruit harvest (DH) and per cent non fruit set. Noepilakhna beetle infestation and infection of downy mildew, powdery mildew, leaf spot diseases and virus was observed in the lines. Based on the characters studied and visual observation of fruit color, shape and size four lines AVBG1301, 1310, THMC143 and 167 were found promising which can be put into RYT. Beside, all the lines except AVBG1320 were found promising as parents for using in the future hybrid breeding program of bitter gourd.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings