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Selection Responses for Egg Production of Fayoumi and Rhode Island Red Breeds

M. E. Haque
Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka-1341.

G. K. Deb
Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka.

M. N. Hasan
Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka.

M. H. Ali
Govt. Poultry Farm, Savar, Dhaka.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This experiment estimated the selection responses for egg production of Fayoumi (Fay) and Rhode Island Red (RIR) breeds. A total of 3000; belonging Fay 2000 & RIR 1000 day old chicks were collected from Egypt and Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka respectively, considered as foundation stock. The chicks were brooded for 5 weeks and reared up to 14 weeks of age providing standard feeding and management. After brooding, 640 Fay and 504 RIR pullets were reared in 40 and 36 individual pens respectively, considering as a family. Finally, 30 and 24 best families of Fay and RIR respectively were selected with 420 Fay and 288 RIR pullets at 15 weeks of age, on the basis of age at 1 st egg lay, egg production and fertility. Salmonella and mycoplasma free eggs were collected on the basis of blood test (agglutinate test) from the selected families of both the breeds and hatched out for next generation. The experiment was continued up to 40 weeks of age for each generation. The study revealed that hen day egg production of Fay and RIR was higher in Foundation stock (64.39% in Fay and 68.54% in RIR) than that of F₁ generation (58.6% in Fay and 46.8% in RIR) but no significant difference (P > 0.05) was observed for livability between Foundation stock and F₁ generation. Reasons for lower productivity in F₁ generation may be the poor management practices during growing period. In F₂ generation, egg production was higher in both the breeds (64.09% in Fay and 62.05% in RIR) than in F₁ generation. Egg production of RIR was not recorded for F₃ generation, as their ability to adopt under farmers condition was very poor. However, in F₃ generation, egg production of Fay was higher (65.82%) than in F₂ generation. Genetic gain in Fay was 0.06%, 0.11% and 0.12% for F₁, F₂ and F₃ generation, respectively. In case of RIR genetic gain was 0.07% in F₁ and 0.18% in F₂ generation. Due to selection slight genetic gain for egg production was obtained in Fay and RIR but further research with larger stock is needed for better understanding of selection responses of these breeds.

Keywords: Selection, Genetic gain, Egg production, Fay and RIR

Location: Govt. Poultry Farm, Savar, Dhaka.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Chicken

Objectives:

To evaluate the possibility of increasing egg production performances of Fay and RIR through selective breeding.

Methodology:

The study was conducted at Govt. Poultry Farm, Savar, Dhaka, to estimate the selection response of Fayoumi and RIR for egg production performances. A total of 3000; 2000 day old chicks of pure breed Fay from Egypt and 1000 RIR from Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI) were collected and reared as foundation stock to produce chicks for next generations. The chicks were brooded (5 weeks) and subsequently reared up to 14 weeks of age providing standard feeding and management. A depth of 15 cm rice husk was used as litter materials. The photo period for brooding period started at 24 hours/day and reduced @ 1 hour/week. Initially, 640 Fay pullets were transferred to 40 pens having 16 pullets in each pen (family) and 504 RIR to 36 pens having 14 pullets in each pen at the age of 15 weeks. Finally, 14 and 12 pullets of Fay and RIR from each pen respectively were selected. Male and female ratio was maintained as 1:14 and 1:12 for Fay and RIR, respectively. There were 30 best families of Fay with 420 pullets and 24 best families RIR with 288 pullets were selected on the basis of age at 1^st egg laid, higher egg production and fertility. In each generation, 65.62% and 57.14% pullets of Fay and RIR were selected, respectively. The experiment was continued for successive 3 generations for Fay and 2 generations for RIR. The egg production performance was studied for all families (40 for Fay and 36 for RIR) but eggs of the selected families (30 for Fay and 24 for RIR) were collected and hatched for next generation. As per blood test (agglutination test) of the selected families salmonella and mycoplasma free eggs were collected and hatched out. The birds were fed with a ready-made pellet diet containing required amount of CP (%), ME (Kcal/Kg) and other nutrients. Vaccination (except salmonella), deworming and debeaking schedule was maintained during investigation. Blood test was performed at Poultry Diagnosis Laboratory of Poultry Production Research Division, Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute, Savar, Dhaka. Egg production (up to 40 weeks of age), fertility and livability of Fay and RIR were recorded. Fay, considered to be the best female line, was selected on the basis of age at 1^stegg and egg production performance and RIR considered as male line was selected considering the rate of fertility. Eggs from individual pen (family) of foundation stock were collected and hatched for next generation. In case of Fay, hen day egg production (up to 40 weeks of age), fertility, hatchability and livability were recorded up to F₃ generation and in case of RIR data were recorded up to F₂generation. Data of RIR were not recorded up to F₃ generation, as the performance of RIR pullets was not satisfactory due to inability of RIR breed to adopt in farm conditions. Eggs were collected at 16:00 hours, daily and numbered. The hen day egg production as the indicator of egg production of birds was measured. Genetic gain in Fay and RIR for hen day egg production (HDEP) was estimated for each generation. The genetic gain found in F₁, F₂ and F₃ generations were regressed to find out rate of progress in selection programme. The selection differential, selection intensity and phenotypic standard deviation for hen day egg production used in the estimation of genetic gain. The values of selection intensity were taken from Lush (1945) against per cent of pullets selected for the next generation. All data were analyzed in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with ANOVA for comparing hen day egg production, fertility, hatchability and livability of Fay and RIR breed among different generations (Foundation stock, F₁, F₂, and F₃). Data were entered in a spreadsheet (Excel 2000, Microsoft Corporation), transferred to STAT-7 (STAT Corporation) and analyzed using SPSS computer package.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 19(1-2): 66-73, Jan-Dec 2012.

Article Link (Online Journal): http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjlr.v19i1-2.26428

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Hen day egg production of Fay and RIR was found to response suitably to selection with higher rate of lay. The rate of genetic gains so far achieved in the breeding stocks from selective breeding within a small population is required to be increased by many folds to get commercially viable high producing Fay and RIR hens. Selection with larger flock might give a better understanding of selection response. Selection of Fay may be continued with improved bio-security system for several generations with a larger flock to provide continuous supply of Fay to support the rural poultry production.

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