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Yield Loss Assessment of Potato Due to Late Blight Infection at Different Ages Under Natural Condition

S. R. Sarker
Plant Pathology Division, BARI

A. K. Saha
Plant Pathology Division, BARI

M. S. Hossain
Plant Pathology Division, BARI

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was undertaken to observe the yield loss of potato due to infection of late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans at different stages of plant growth at RARS, Burirhat, Rangpur during Rabi season of 2014-15. Seeds of susceptible variety Diamant were planted on 10^th, 20^th, 30^th November, 10^th and 20^th December 2014 following Split plot design having three replications. In every date of planting, two treatments or plots were planted. Secure 600 WG (Phenamidon – 10% and Mancozeb – 50%) @ 1g/L water was sprayed in one plot in each date of planting and another one was free from fungicide spray. Disease severity i.e. % leaf area infected was found increasing with the delay in planting time up to 20^th December 2014. In 10^th November 2014 planting, reduction of yield was 11.82% compare with fungicide treated plot and this reduction value was increasing with the delaying of planting and it was up to 189.36% in 20^th December planting.

Keywords: Phytophthora infestans, Potato, Diamant

Location: RARS, Burirhat, Rangpur

Start Date: 00-00-2014

End Date: 00-00-2015

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Potato, Diseases

Objectives:

The experiment had been undertaken to determine the extent of yield loss of potato at different growth stage of infection by late blight under natural condition.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at RARS, Burirhat, and Rangpur during Rabi season of 2014-15. The design of experiment was split plots with 3 replications. Block to block and plot to plot distance was 1.5 m and 1 m, respectively. Unit plot size was 3m x 1.8m having plant spacing 60 cm x 25 cm. Seeds of susceptible variety Diamant was used in this experiment. There were 5 planting dates in the experiment viz. 10 November, 20 November, 30 November, 10 December and 20 December. For each planting dates one plot was sprayed with fungicides for keeping disease free and another plot was kept unsprayed for disease development. There were 5 main plots where Dates of planting were established. In the each main plot two sub plots sprayed and unsprayed were maintained. Recommended fertilizer doses and other agronomic practices were done properly. Fungicide Secure 600 WG (Phenamidon – 10% and Mancozeb – 50%) was sprayed @ 1g/L water. Fungicides spray was started after 30 DAP and continued up to 70 DAP. The spray interval was 10 days. During the time of spray thick polyester cloth was used as barrier surrounding the fungicide sprayed plots so that, fungicide could not move in non sprayed plots. Data on disease severity (% leaf area infected) was recorded at 10 days interval starting from 30 DAP. Yield i.e. tuber yield (t/ha) was also recorded and yield loss was assessed comparing with fungicide sprayed plot for the same date of planting.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report, Plant Pathology Division, BARI 2014-15

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Late blight disease appeared at different ages of plants in different treatments. In 10^th, 20^th, 30^th November, 10^th and 20^th December 2014 planted crops, disease was noticed at 72, 66 , 56, 45, and 32 days of age respectively, and the growth stages of treatments were late bulking, mid bulking, early bulking, tuber initiation and vegetative stage, respectively. Late blight severity and yield of potato differed significantly for each date of planting. Late blight severity increased and yield of potato decreased with delay in planting time. The lowest disease severity (37.50%) and highest yield (39.85 t/ha) was obtained from 10 November planting while the highest disease severity (95.00%) and lowest yield (14.64 t/ha) was obtained from 20 December planting plots. It was found that, disease severity for no spray and spray condition were 93% and 34%, respectively. Tuber yield was recorded 20.70 t/ha for no spray condition and 36.44 t/ha for spray condition where yield reduction was 76.03% due to late blight infection. Yield of potato was distinctly lower in no fungicide used plot than fungicide sprayed plot in each date of planting. In 10^th November 2014 planting, reduction of yield was 11.82% compared to fungicide treated treatment and this reduction value was increasing with the delaying of planting and it was up to 189.36% in 20^th December planting. Variation of yield reduction was due to late blight infection in different growth stages of plant. It was also evident that infection of disease in earlier plant growth stage yield loss was more. On the other hand, tuber yield (t/ha) in fungicide sprayed plots was found in decreasing as the delaying of planting. It was due to environmental reason such as in late plantation, plant could avail lesser low temperature duration which was more and more important for bulking of tubers and tuber yield.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings