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Study on Botrytis Blight Development in Gladiolus at Different Temperature and Humidity at Godkhali, Jhikargasa

S.S.Siddique
Plant Pathology, BARI

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at Panisara, Godkhali, Jessore to Study on the effect of Botrytis blight development of Gladiolus. There were six planting time such as 08^th November, 15^th November, 22^h November, 29^th November, 6^th December, and 13^th December used as treatment. In this experiment, the highest disease score (3.70 and 3.87 respectively) and severity/PDI (83.33 and 85.55) were recorded from the plots where the corms were planted at the date of 15^th November and 22 th November due to getting favorable disease development environment (Maximum temperature, Minimum temperature and humidity) for long time; from early vegetative to maturity or harvesting time. Among all the treatments T4, where planting date was 29 th November 2014, showed better performance for all the vegetative characters such as the highest plant height (113.3cm), the highest flower length (45.70cm), the highest number of floret (12.53) with moderate disease scale and disease severity (2.6 and 80% respectively).

Keywords: Botrytis blight, Gladiolus, Temperature , Humudity

Location: Panisara, Godkhali, Jessore

Start Date: 00-00-2014

End Date: 00-00-2015

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases, Gladiolus

Objectives:

This experiment was conducted at Panisara, Godkhali to observe the effect of light brown spots at different temperature and humidity (which occur at different planting date ) at Rabi 2014.

Methodology:

This experiment was conducted at Panisara, Godkhali, and Jessore during Rabi 2014-15. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replication, where unit plot size was 2m x 3m and with 1m plot to plot distance. Six planting time were applied as treatment such as T₁=08^th November, T₂=15^th November, T₃=22^th November and T₄=29^th November T₅=6^th December, T₆=13^th December. Local available gladiolus variety was used as experimental material. Fertilizer and other intercultural operations were applied as per recommendation by BARI. The data disease score were recorded at maturity stage and just before the harvesting of flower using a 0 - 4 rating scale as given below: 0 = No infection, 1 = 1-25 per cent of the leaf area infected, 2 = 25-50 per cent of the leaf area infected, 3 = 50-75 per cent of the leaf area infected, 4 = More than 75 per cent of the leaf area infected (Sehajpal P.K. & Singh, P.J. 2014). The per cent disease severity or intensity (PDI) was computed using the following formula:

Sum of all numerical ratings 100

Disease severity (%)= …………………………………… X ………………………

Total number of ratings Maximum rating

Data on some other morphological character like length of plant, length of flower, number of floret and number of leaves also taken during the time of harvesting.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report, Plant Pathology Division, BARI- 2014-15

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The highest disease score (3.87) was recorded from T₃ (22^th December) treated plot. On the other hand the lowest disease score (2.6) had been recorded from T₆(13^th December) treated plot, whereas in case of the rest other plots disease score was statistically similar and ranges from 3.13 to 3.70. On the other hand the lowest disease severity percentage (77.78%) was recorded from T₆ plot and the highest record (85.55%) was from T₃ (22^th December) treated plot whereas there is no significant difference between the disease severity percentage of all the six treatment. Interestingly, from the table 6, it had been observed that, during 8-14^th November, average maximum temperature was 28⁰C, minimum 11.9⁰C and relative humidity were86.9%. These temperatures (both max. and min.) showed decreasing tendency and it decreased up to 21.8⁰C and 9.5⁰C (average max. temperature and min. temperature respectively) between the date from 16^th January to 22^thJanuary. Conversely, relative humidity (R.H.) showed a gradual increasing tendency and reached up to 91.6% (average of 7 days) at the date between 27^th December- 2^nd January. Moreover, during 27^th December to 15^th January both Max. temp., Min. temp. and R.H. remain constant between 23.9-21.8⁰C, 9.7-9⁰C and 91.6 to 90.2% respectively. After this period, both temperature (Max. and Min.) reading showed gradual increasing tendency (up to 29.1⁰C and 10.6⁰C respectively) and R.H. showed decreasing tendency (up to 84.8%). This indicates that the corms which were planted at 15^th November and 22^th November got maximum favorable environment from early vegetative stage to maturity stage. From the above fact, it is clear that the pathogen inocula infects those plants (T₂ and T₃ plot) at early vegetative stage ( at 15 to 25 DAS) and the infection percentage became severe at maturity stage when it got favorable environment which results in the highest disease score and the highest PDI. Conversely, the corms which were planted at 13^th December (T₆) got favorable environment at vegetative stage (30-45 DAS) when the pathogen infect those plants easily, but after this time when both Max. and Min. temp. increased along with decreasing of R.H., the pathogen growth became slow down and disease infection rate decreased which resulted in the record of lowest disease scale (2.60) with the lowest severity percentage/PDI (77.78%). Furthermore, the highest length of plant (113.3cm) was recorded from T₄ (29^th November) treated plot which was followed by T₅(103.9cm) treated plot and the rest other plots performed statistically similar result with T₅. The highest flower length (45.70cm) had been recorded from T₄ treated plot and it was lowest at T₆ treated plot (26.13cm). Finally, in case of number of floret, it was highest (12.53) in T4 treatment and in rest other plots it was ranged from (10.40 to 8.60). Though T₆ treated plot where the planting date was 13 th December performed the lowest disease score and severity percentage, but T₄ with the planting date 29^th November performed best in case of all the vegetative character with moderate disease scale and disease severity percentage.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings