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Assessment of Climate Variability Stresses, Adaptation Strategies and Capacity of the Farmers in Selected Coastal Areas of Bangladesh

N. D. KUNDU
Scientific Officer
RARS, Rahmatpur

M. S. UDDIN
Scientific Officer
RARS, Rahmatpur

B. L. NAG
Chief Scientific Officer
RARS, Rahmatpur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Climate change and climate variability causes different biotic and abiotic stresses on crops and farmers’ livelihood. Coastal farmers adopted various adaptation strategies to reduce these adverse effects. Data and information regarding these issues are scarce in Bangladesh. Therefore, the study was conducted in Patuakhali and Pirojpur district during 2014-2015 to identify climate variability stresses; evaluate adaptation system and capacity of the farmers to reduce different stresses effect; find out the factors that determine the adaptation capacity of the farmers; and identify the problem of adaptations. A total of 120 farmers taking 60 from each district were selected randomly. The study revealed that draught (100%) and uneven rain (100%) were the severe stresses in the study areas. Farmers responded that 62% crop loss occurred due to flood followed by water salinity (51%) and soil salinity (35%). Yield differences between adverse climatic condition and normal climatic condition were ranged from 40 to78 percent. Education, family members, availability of credit facilities, and training were the significant determinants of adaptation capacity of the farmers. In order to adapt adverse situation, farmers adopted different measures like reserve rain water (13%), make ring well (11%), use of salt tolerant variety (34%), irrigation (22%), develop drainage system (49%), use pesticides (100%), use insecticides (100%), and temporary migrate/ switch to other occupation (75%).

Keywords: Assessment, Climate variability, Stress, Adaptation, Coastal area

Location: Patuakhali and Pirojpur

Start Date: 00-10-2014

End Date: 00-04-2015

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Non-commodity: Impact

Objectives:

To identify the climate variability stresses,
To evaluate the adaptation system and capacity of the farmers to reduce different stresses effect,
To find out the factors that determine the adaptation capacity of the farmers, and
To identify the problems of adaptation and suggest some policy measures

Methodology:

The study was conducted in two coastal districts namely Patuakhali and Pirojpur during October, 2014 to April, 2015. Kalapara upazila from Patuakhali district, and Nazirpur and Vandaria upazilas from Pirojpur district were purposively selected for the study. A total of 120 farmers taking 60 from each district were selected randomly. Necessary data and information were collected through survey method with the help of a pre-tested interview schedule by field investigators in collaboration with DAE personnel under direct supervision of the researchers. Collected data were summarized, analyzed and tabulated. Statistical tools like average, percentage and ratio, and logit model were used in presenting the results

Source of Information: Annual Research report, AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS DIVISION ,Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, August, 2015

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Farmers in the climate variability stress area adopting different indigenous and modern technologies to cope with the adverse climatic condition. They need more training and availability of modern technologies like salt and water tolerant varieties of crops, modern irrigation equipment, modern cultivation technique etc. The crop agriculture sector particularly has been performing well compared to other sectors in addressing the negative impacts of climate change through developing new stress tolerant varieties of crops, production packages and it extension at field level. The field level extension activities also need to be more focused to climate vulnerability. They need more support in the form of trained manpower and logistic from the government. There is an urgent need to improve the capacities of extension agents for combating the climatic vulnerability. Government should come forward to help the coastal farmers in the form of providing training, providing easy term loan, availing different stress tolerant variety of crops, facilitating irrigation system and other modern technologies on increasing crop production and ensure food security in the coastal region as well as Bangladesh as a whole.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings