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Biochemical Attributes of Different Sugarcane Varieties and Their Impact on Stem Borer Infestation

M. A. RAHMAN
Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi, Pabna

M. Z. ALAM
Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh

M.R.U. MIAH
Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh

M. I. H. MIAN
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh

M. M. HOSSAIN4
Department of Horticulture, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was undertaken to determine the biochemical constituents viz., chlorophyll 'a', chlorophyll 'b', chlorophyll 'total', total N, P, K, Ca, Mg and Na in ten different sugarcane varieties (Isd 31, Isd 32, Isd 33 Isd 34, Isd 35, Isd 36, Isd 37, Isd 38, Isd 39 and Isd 40) and their impact on stem borer (Chilo tumidicostalis Hampson) infestation. The result showed that the variety Isd 32 possessed significantly higher level of chlorophyll 'a', chlorophyll 'b', chlorophyll 'total' as well as higher level of stem borer infestation (9.58%) in comparison to other varieties. On the contrary, significantly higher level of total N, P, Ca, Mg, Na, total sugar, pol of cane as well as stem borer infestation (11.60%) was found in the variety Isd 34. This variety also contained lower level of reducing sugar and K. The relationship between stem borer infestations and all biochemical attributes except K showed positive correlation, which indicated the biochemical constituents in the variety interrupted stem borer attack. Considering the biochemical attributes and stem borer infestations, the findings of the study suggested that the variety Isd 34 was rich in nutrient content compared to other varieties, but should not be recommended for cultivation where stem borer was a major pest.

Keywords: Sugarcane, Stem borer, Biochemical attributes, Impact.

Location: Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute (BSRI), Ishurdi, Pabna

Start Date: 00-00-2011

End Date: 00-00-2012

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Sugarcane, Insects

Objectives:

The present study was undertaken to determine the relative effects of biochemical constituents of sugarcane such as chlorophyll (a, b & total), total N, P, K, Na, Mg and Ca and total sugar, reducing sugar and fiber in different varieties and their effect on the attack of the stem borer (Chilo tumidicostalis Hampson, Family: Crambidae, Order: Lepidoptera)

Methodology:

The study was carried out in the experimental farm of Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute (BSRI), Ishurdi, Pabna during the cropping season of 2011-2012. Ten BSRI released sugarcane varieties viz., Isd 31, Isd 32, Isd 33, Isd 34, Isd 35, Isd 36, Isd 37, Isd 38, Isd 39 and Isd 40 were selected for the study. The crop was grown following standard cultivation procedure as described by Rahman & Pal 2003. Recommended doses of manure (cowdung @ 10 t ha^-1) and fertilizers (Urea, TSP, MP, Gypsum and ZnSO4 @ 326, 250, 180, 189 and 10 kg ha^-1, respectively) were applied (BARC 2005). The experiment was laid out following randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The unit plot size was 5m × 5m. Distance between unit plots was 1m and block to block distance was 2 m. Every unit plot was planted with 175 setts in 5 rows and each row was planted with 35 setts. Intercultural operations such as irrigation, weeding, mulching, thinning and other operations were done properly throughout the cropping season for proper growth and development of the plants. Collection of data: Sugarcane plants were selected randomly from the experimental field. Samples of deep green leaves were collected from upper portion (third/fourth/fifth leaf from the top) of the selected cane 120 days after planting (DAP). The leaf area was measured using a leaf area meter. Data on leaf morphology, chemical constituents and characters of all leaf samples were recorded. Leaf morphology included colour, thickness and leaf moisture content. Chemical constituents included chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll, reducing sugar, total sugar, nutrient element contents and fiber content. Percent stem borer infestation was also recorded during June and July. Data were analyzed statistically for ANOVA (Steel & Torrie, 1960) using MSTAT-C computer software. Simple correlation of sugarcane stem borer infestation with the chemical constituents of leaves were computed. The means were compared using Duncan's Multiple Range Test.

Source of Information: Bangladesh j. entomol. (2013) 23(1), 65-77

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

A positive and linear relationship was obtained between stem borer infestation and total sugar % This suggests that stem borer infestation is dependent on the percent total sugar in the varieties. A negative and linear relationship was obtained between sugarcane stem borer infestation and reducing sugar. This suggests that stem borer infestation is less dependent on reducing sugar in the varieties. A positive as well as linear relationship was obtained between stem borer infestation and pol % cane suggesting stem borer infestation dependent on the pol % cane in the varieties. A negative and linear relationship was observed between percent sugarcane stem borer infestation and fiber % in cane. This suggested that stem borer infestation was less dependent on the fiber % in cane varieties. Stem borer infestation was positively correlated with % total sugar and pol % cane of sugarcane but negatively correlated with % reducing sugar and fiber % in varieties. The biochemical constituents like chlorophyll at the higher level in Isd 32 positively influenced sugarcane stem borer infestation. The presence of higher amount of total sugar (1.08%), pol % cane (13.85%) and lower amount of reducing sugar (0.20%), fiber % (14.38%) were recorded in Isd 34 which showed positive correlation with stem borer infestation. Other biochemical constituents like nitrogen (2.34%), phosphorus (0.20%), calcium (0.46%), magnesium (0.23%) and sodium (0.17%) were higher in Isd 34 which showed positive correlation with the infestation of stem borer. These findings indicated that Isd 34 was a higher nutrient content variety in comparison to other nine varieties but susceptible to stem borer infestation. So the variety Isd 34 should not be recommended for cultivation where stem borer was a major pest.

Knowledge Management: Journal