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Long-term Effects of Integrated Nutrient Management on Planted and Successive Ratoon Sugarcane Crops

S. M. Bokhtiar
Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi-6620, Pabna, Bangladesh

G. C. Paul
Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi-6620, Pabna, Bangladesh

K. M. Alam
Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi-6620, Pabna, Bangladesh

M. A. Haque
Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi-6620, Pabna, Bangladesh

M. S. Arefin
Bangladesh Sugarcane Research Institute, Ishurdi-6620, Pabna, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Improving soil organic matter and soil fertility are important factors in sustaining sugarcane production. This long-term experiment evaluated the effect of organic amendment, green manuring, and fertilizer combinations on yield and soil fertility status within a multi-ratooning cane cropping system. Over the 7-year period, high yields were sustained, and soil organic carbon, total N, available P, and exchangeable K were increased with long-term, annual applications of press mud and/or farmyard manure (FYM) plus fertilizers compared to fertilizer application alone.

Keywords: Nutrient Management, Sugarcane, Ratoon, Crops, Plant

Location: Ishurdi (Pabna), Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2001

End Date: 00-00-2008

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Sugarcane

Objectives:

To determine the long-term effects of integrated nutrient management on planted and successive ratoon sugarcane crops

Methodology:

Institute (BSRI) farm at Ishurdi, Pabna (24° 8' N latitude and 92°5' E longitude), located on the High Ganges River floodplain, was selected for the study conducted between 2001-02 and 2007-08. Composite soil samples (0 to 15 cm) were collected randomly from each replicated plot before fertilizer application. The soil was a calcareous silt loam (Typic Eutrochrepts) with a pH near 8.0, low organic matter (1.14%), and very low in total N, available P, and S, 0.06%, 8.0 mg/ kg, and 6.0 mg/kg, respectively. Exchangeable K (0.19 cmol/kg) and soil cation exchange capacity (14.0 cmol/kg) of the experimental soil were also low. Treatments tested various nutrient management options including: T_o = Control (no fertiliser); T₁ = NPKS and Zn based on soil test results and an optimum yield target of 100 ± 10 t/ ha; T₂ = T₁+ farmyard manure (FYM); T₃ = 25% less fertilizer than T₁ + FYM; T₄ = T₁+ press mud; T₅ = 25% less fertilizer than T₁ + press mud; T₆ = T₁+ green manure (Crotalaria juncea); T₇ = Current recommended rates; and T₈ = 25% more fertilizer than T₇. Treatments were replicated four times and experimental plots were set up in a randomized complete block design. Urea, triple superphosphate (TSP), potassium chloride (KCI), gypsum, and zinc sulphate were used as the sources of N, P, K, S, and Zn, respectively. The ratoon cane experiment was initiated in 2002-03 and continued up to the sixth ratoon crop in 2007-08. Ratoon cane received 50% more N than the planted crop, but all other fertiliszrs and amendments were kept at the same levels mentioned above. Ratoon crops require more N because 3 to 6 weeks after sugarcane ratoons start growing from old stubble roots, these old root system cease to function and new root systems are formed. Since these new root systems are surrounded by old, decomposing tissue with high C:N ratio, the potential for microbial immobilisation of available soil N is high in the root zone and higher rates of N application are required to overcome this microbial tie up of nutrients.

Source of Information: Better Crops-South Asia 21-23 2010

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results indicated that the application of FYM and/or press mud was more effective than green manure or fertilizer in maintaining ratoon crop yields over time. However, due to additive effects of combining nutrient sources on ratoon crop yields, maximum crop cycle yields were recorded for treatments with a combination of press mud and/or FYM. Among the different fertilizer management practices, a combined application of press mud and/or FYM and fertilizer generated slight improvements in soil organic carbon, total N, available P, and exchangeable K over the control treatment

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings