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Optlmum Plant Population for Chickpea

M. H. R. Pramanik
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh.

M. A. H. Khan
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh.

A.A.A. Mushi
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh.

M. A. Sadeque
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was carried out at Bangladesh Agricultural University farm during winter season of 1986-87 to evaluate the effect of plant density ranged from 0.1 to 0.5 million plants ha^-1 (D₁ to D₅) on growth, yield and yield components of chickpea. Dry matter accumulation increased significantly with increase in plant density and towards maturity it became negative in D₄ and D₅ populations. Leaf area index too increased with plant density and reached maximum earlier, about two weeks, in denser populations (D₃, D₄& 0₅) followed by faster declination than D₁ and D₂populations. All the primary and' secondary yield components decreased with increase in plant population except plant height. Although both the grain and biological yields increased with plant density, yield variation between D₃, D₄and D₅ populations was insignificant. Therefore, the population (D₃) of 0.3 million plants ha^-1 with a seed rate of about 60 kg ha^-1 appeared to be optimum for optimum growth and maximum yield of chickpea under the existing climatic condition of Mymensingh.

Keywords: Chickpea, Plant density, Yield

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University farm, Mymensingh.

Start Date: 00-00-1986

End Date: 00-00-1987

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Chickpea

Objectives:

To evaluate a comprehensive analysis of growth parameters as affected by plant density and their implication to yield and yield attributes in chickpea.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Agricultural University farm, Mymensingh with five plant densities of chickpea during winter season of 1986-87 under rainfed condition. The soils of the experimental plots were sandy loam in texture. Chemical fertilizers such as urea, triple super phosphate and muriate of potash were applied at 20, 60 and 40 kg ha^-1 respectively during final land preparation. Seeds of chickpea cv, Nabeen was sown through broadcast method on 20 December 1986 at the rate of about 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 kg ha^-1 corresponding to the five populations namely D₁ = 0.1, D₂= 0.2, D₃=0.3, D₄= 0.4 and D₅= 0.5 milion plants ha^-1. The experiment was laidout in a randomised complete block design with four replications. The unit plot size was of 4m x 3m. Weeding was done at 15 and 35 days after sowing. An insecticide Malathion was used on 10 March 1987 at the rate of 0.02 percent solution to control pod borer (Heliothis armigera). Sampling for growth parameters was started at 35 days after sowing (DAS) and was continued at weekly interval till physiological maturity. In each sampling plants of Im² area were uprooted from each plots and were encased in polythelene bag. After washing their roots in tap water, leaves were separated. Total leaf area per harvest was measured by using an automatic area meter. The separated leaves and remaining plant parts were then oven dried for 24h at 80°C and their corresponding dry weight were recorded separately. Finally leaf area index (LAI), leaf area per unit land area, was calculated. Days to 50% flowering and maturity time in each plot were recorded. Plant height, number of primary and secondary branches per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and weight of 100-seed were recorded at final harvest from ten randomly selected plants from each plot. Thickness of stem of these plants was measured at the ground level by a slide calipers. The grain and the biological yields were recorded from the whole plot harvest. The "analysis of variance" was used to assess the effect of the treatments (populations) and the treatment means were adjudged by the Least Significant Difference (LSD) method.

Source of Information: Progressive Agriculture, Vo-1 (1), 61-67, 1990

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Leaf area index increased greatly with plant density and reached maximum earlier, about two weeks, in denser populations (D₃, D₄& D₅) followed by faster declination than D₁ and D₂ populations. All the primary and secondary yield components decreased with increase in plant population except plant height. Although both the grain and biological yields increased with plant density, yield variation between D₃, D₄ and D₅ populations was insignificant. Therefore, the population (D₃) of 0.3 million plants ha^-1 with a seed rate of about 60 kg ha^-1 appeared to be optimum for optimum growth and maximum yield of chickpea under the existing climatic condition of Mymensingh.

Knowledge Management: Journal