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Adoption of Power Tiller Operated Seeder (ptos) in Rice-wheat Cropping System

Md. Israil Hossain
Chief Scientific Officer & Head
Farm Machinery & Postharvest Process Engineering Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701.

Md. Ilias Hossain
Farm Machinery & Postharvest Process Engineering Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701.

Md. Jahedul Islam
Farm Machinery & Postharvest Process Engineering Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701.

Md. Nur-E-Alam Siddique
Farm Machinery & Postharvest Process Engineering Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701.

Md. Zakir Hossain
Farm Machinery & Postharvest Process Engineering Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Power tiller operated seeder (PTOS) is called minimum tillage seeder and it is being used for different crops seeding along with seed bed preparation. It works as shallow tiling, fertilizing, seeding in line, seed covering and land leveling at a time maintaining the standard agronomic practices. It tills upper part of the soil which is less than 15% of tilling zone. The seeder is demonstrated in different locations in the farmer's field of Dinajpur, Thakurgaon, and Rajshahi area 2014-15. Recommended basal dose fertilizers were broadcasted over the land surface before seeding operation. Some cases granular composite fertilizer like DAP was applied through machine during seeding operation. During pulses seeding, TSP was applied along with seeding operation through the machine. Wheat, maize, and lentil planted after rice harvest and mungbean, sesame, jute planted after wheat harvest. The density of rice residue was 0.8-1.4 t/ha. PTOS performed seeding operation minimizing 7-9 days turn around time utilizing the residual soil moisture. It maintained uniform seeding depth, uniform seed distribution and better seed soil contact which transfer soil moisture to seeds quickly for enhance better plant establishment and yield. Movement of applied irrigation water was faster and less time required in minimum tillage than conventional method. Minimum tillage by PTOS saved irrigation water for wheat, maize and rice 14.9%, 5% and 30%, respectively compare to traditional irrigation method of crop cultivation. In dry surface condition of rice field no crack formation on the surface but in conventional puddling plots surfaced cracked. It is environment friendly, minimum disturbance soil and saved diesel fuel 94 l/ha/yr. Wheat yield was 25.5% higher than conventional method. Effective field capacity was 0.15 ha/hr. Cost of wheat seeding was Tk. 1950/ha which was 65.8% less than conventional method (Tk.5695.0/ha). PTOS covers about 4003 ha land in Rajshahi and Dinajpur area. Long term on station trial (6 years), wheat yield in minimum tillage by PTOS shows higher yield than conventional broadcasting system in rice- wheat- mungbean crop rotation maintaining 30% crop residue. No yield reduction trend observed over the time compare to conventional method. There are about 980 numbers of seeders now in the country which cover about 29000 ha land for different crops.

Keywords: Power Tiller, Seeder (Ptos), Rice, Wheat, Cropping System

Location: Dinajpur, Takurgaon, Panchagor and Rajshahi

Start Date: 00-00-2014

End Date: 00-00-2015

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Rice, Wheat

Objectives:

(a) To increase cropping intensity with reducing turn around time,

(b) To sustain crop yield with less soil disturbance

(c) To finish planting operation with reduced cost.

Methodology:

Power tiller operated seeder (PTOS) was used for planting wheat, mungbean, lentil, maize, sesame, jute, and aman rice directly in the farmers field of Dinajpur, Takurgaon, Panchagor and Rajshahi area 2014-15. Not only that PTOS is also used for land preparation of onion field and puddling operation for rice transplanting. PTOS performs multipurpose functions in agriculture. Present moments, farmers are using this device as custom hire system and earn cash money. Inclined plate seed metering device was used for seeding most of the seeds. Under this programme, PTOS demonstrated in different locations to show its efficient work performance in rice-wheat cropping system. After wheat harvest, mungbean, sesame, maize planted directly. Recommended doses fertilizers were broadcasted before seeding operation. Wheat, mungbean, lentil, sesame, maize, jute and Aman rice planted directly in one pass during the period 2014-15 in Rajshahi area. Wheat and lentil were planted after aman rice harvest. Mungbean, maize, sesame, jute were planted after wheat harvest. The following data were collected during the test: (i) Depth of seed placement (cm), ii) Travel speed (km/h), iii) Effective field capacity (ha/h), iv) Field efficiency (%), v) Fuel consumption (1/hr), vi) No. of plant 1m², viii) Yield/m². Cost was calculated according to the farm power and machinery management text book .

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2014-15 & Research Programme 2015-16, Year of Publication: August 2015. pp: 01-07.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Power tiller operated seeder performed seeding operation efficiently in one pass through moderate densely crop residue utilizing the residual soil moisture. There are 980 active numbers of PTOS in the farmers field for seeding as well as seed bed preparation. ii. Uniform depth seeding and better seed soil contact which transfer soil moisture to seed quickly for better germination. iii. Rice can be planted directly using this PTOS saving water and cultivation cost 67% compare to conventional method. IV. Three crops can be fitted easily in existing rice-wheat cropping system reducing the turn around time 7-9 days. v. Crop diversification can be achieved planting various crop (wheat, maize, mung, lentil, jute, rice, sesame etc). Vi. Long term trial (6 years), wheat yield in minimum tillage by PTOS shows higher than conventional planting system in rice- wheat- mungbean crop rotation maintaining 30% crop residue.

Knowledge Management: Journal